PMID- 32015930
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 2096-2878 (Print)
IS  - 2542-5684 (Electronic)
VI  - 3
IP  - 2
DP  - 2019 May 21
TI  - The acidic pathway of bile acid synthesis: Not just an alternative pathway(☆).
PG  - 88-98
LID - 10.1016/j.livres.2019.05.001 [doi]
AB  - Over the last two decades, the prevalence of obesity, and metabolic syndromes 
      (MS) such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM), have dramatically increased. Bile acids play a major role in the 
      digestion, absorption of nutrients, and the body's redistribution of absorbed 
      lipids as a function of their chemistry and signaling properties. As a result, a 
      renewed interest has developed in the bile acid metabolic pathways with the 
      challenge of gaining insight into novel treatment approaches for this rapidly 
      growing healthcare problem. Of the two major pathways of bile acid synthesis in 
      the liver, the foremost role of the acidic (alternative) pathway is to generate 
      and control the levels of regulatory oxysterols that help control cellular 
      cholesterol and lipid homeostasis. Cholesterol transport to mitochondrial sterol 
      27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) by steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StarD1), and 
      the subsequent 7alpha-hydroxylation of oxysterols by oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase 
      (CYP7B1) are the key regulatory steps of the pathway. Recent observations suggest 
      CYP7B1 to be the ultimate controller of cellular oxysterol levels. This review 
      discusses the acidic pathway and its contribution to lipid, cholesterol, 
      carbohydrate, and energy homeostasis. Additionally, discussed is how the acidic 
      pathway's dysregulation not only leads to a loss in its ability to control 
      cellular cholesterol and lipid homeostasis, but leads to inflammatory conditions.
FAU - Pandak, William M
AU  - Pandak WM
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Veterans Affairs, Richmond, VA, USA.
FAU - Kakiyama, Genta
AU  - Kakiyama G
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Veterans Affairs, Richmond, VA, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - I01 BX000197/BX/BLRD VA/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - China
TA  - Liver Res
JT  - Liver research
JID - 101705555
PMC - PMC6996149
MID - NIHMS1061674
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bile acids
OT  - Cardiovascular disease (CVD)
OT  - Inflammation
OT  - Insulin resistance
OT  - Metabolic syndromes (MS)
OT  - Oxysterols
COIS- Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/06 06:01
PMCR- 2020/02/03
CRDT- 2020/02/05 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/05 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1016/j.livres.2019.05.001 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Liver Res. 2019 May 21;3(2):88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.livres.2019.05.001.