PMID- 32045674
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201020
LR  - 20201020
IS  - 1873-0329 (Electronic)
IS  - 1383-5769 (Linking)
VI  - 76
DP  - 2020 Jun
TI  - Genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in Fasciola gigantica isolates of 
      Pakistani livestock.
PG  - 102071
LID - S1383-5769(20)30021-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102071 [doi]
AB  - Fasciola spp. are responsible for over 3 billion US dollars of production loss 
      annually in livestock and cause widespread zoonotic disease. Nevertheless, 
      understating of the emergence and spread of the trematode species is poor. The 
      multiplicity of F. gigantica infection and its spread is potentially influenced 
      by multiple factors, including the abundance of suitable intermediate hosts, 
      climatic conditions favouring the completion of the parasite's lifecycle, and 
      translocation of infected animals, or free-living parasite stages between 
      regions. Here we describe the development of a 'tremabiome' metabarcoding 
      sequencing method to explore the numbers of F. gigantica genotypes per infection 
      and patterns of parasite spread, based on genetic characteristics of the 
      mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1 (mt-ND-1) locus. We collected F. gigantica 
      from three abattoirs in the Punjab and Balochistan provinces of Pakistan, and our 
      results show a high level of genetic diversity in 20 F. gigantica populations 
      derived from small and large ruminants consigned to slaughter in both provinces. 
      This implies that F. gigantica can reproduce in its definitive hosts through 
      meiosis involving cross- and self-breeding, as described in the closely related 
      species, Fasciola hepatica. The genetic diversity between the 20 populations 
      derived from different locations also illustrates the impact of animal movements 
      on gene flow. Our results demonstrate the predominance of single haplotypes, 
      consistent with a single introduction of F. gigantica infection in 85% of the 
      hosts from which the parasite populations were derived. This is consistent with 
      clonal reproduction in the intermediate snail hosts.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Rehman, Zia Ur
AU  - Rehman ZU
AD  - Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Zahid, Osama
AU  - Zahid O
AD  - University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin 
      Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK.
FAU - Rashid, Imran
AU  - Rashid I
AD  - Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Ali, Qasim
AU  - Ali Q
AD  - Department of Parasitology, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtoon 
      Khah, Pakistan.
FAU - Akbar, Muhammad Haroon
AU  - Akbar MH
AD  - Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Oneeb, Muhammad
AU  - Oneeb M
AD  - Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Shehzad, Wasim
AU  - Shehzad W
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal 
      Sciences, Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Ashraf, Kamran
AU  - Ashraf K
AD  - Department of Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, 
      Punjab, Pakistan.
FAU - Sargison, Neil D
AU  - Sargison ND
AD  - University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin 
      Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK. 
      Electronic address: Neil.Sargison@ed.ac.uk.
FAU - Chaudhry, Umer
AU  - Chaudhry U
AD  - University of Edinburgh, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and Roslin 
      Institute, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK. 
      Electronic address: uchaudhr@exseed.ed.ac.uk.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200208
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Parasitol Int
JT  - Parasitology international
JID - 9708549
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Buffaloes
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Cattle Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology
MH  - Fasciola/classification/*isolation & purification
MH  - Fascioliasis/epidemiology/parasitology/*veterinary
MH  - *Genetic Variation
MH  - Genotype
MH  - Goat Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology
MH  - Goats
MH  - Pakistan/epidemiology
MH  - Sheep
MH  - Sheep Diseases/*epidemiology/parasitology
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Emergence of infection
OT  - Fasciola gigantica
OT  - Gene flow
OT  - Mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase 1
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest None.
EDAT- 2020/02/12 06:00
MHDA- 2020/10/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/02/12 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/10/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/12 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S1383-5769(20)30021-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102071 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Parasitol Int. 2020 Jun;76:102071. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102071. Epub 2020 
      Feb 8.