PMID- 32067569
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210628
LR  - 20210628
IS  - 1814-1412 (Electronic)
IS  - 1562-2975 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Frontal GABA in schizophrenia: A meta-analysis of (1)H-MRS studies.
PG  - 1-13
LID - 10.1080/15622975.2020.1731925 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of studies 
      comparing the GABA levels of schizophrenia patients (SZP) and healthy controls 
      (HC) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) in the frontal 
      cortex (FC) and its sub-regions. METHODS: We included studies published in 
      English language that used (1)H-MRS from MRI scanners having at-least 3 Tesla 
      (3 T) magnetic field strength to measure GABA levels in SZP (n = 699) and HC 
      (n = 718) in FC and its sub-regions. The outcome measures were the means and 
      standard deviations of GABA levels and outcome measure was calculated using a 
      random-effect model. RESULTS: In FC, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and 
      dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), there were no significant group 
      differences. On excluding the outlier studies, the GABA levels were lower in 
      patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls in FC (Hedges' g = -0.2; 
      p = 0.02). In ACC, significant group difference was noted in GABA levels (Hedges' 
      g = -0.25; p = 0.03) with patients values being lower that is more pronounced in 
      the first episode schizophrenia patients (Hedges' g: -0.41; p = 0.003). 
      CONCLUSIONS: The available (1)H-MRS studies suggest hypo-GABA ergia specifically 
      in ACC and hint towards possible hypo GABA-ergic state in the FC. However, 
      limitations of the analysis should be considered while interpreting the results.
FAU - Kumar, Vijay
AU  - Kumar V
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 
      Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Vajawat, Bhavika
AU  - Vajawat B
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 
      Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Rao, Naren P
AU  - Rao NP
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9272-1873
AD  - Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, 
      Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Meta-Analysis
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200304
PL  - England
TA  - World J Biol Psychiatry
JT  - The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World 
      Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
JID - 101120023
RN  - 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Humans
MH  - Magnetic Resonance Imaging
MH  - Prefrontal Cortex/diagnostic imaging
MH  - Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
MH  - *Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging
MH  - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - GABA
OT  - Gamma amino butyric acid
OT  - magnetic resonance spectroscopy
OT  - neuroimaging
OT  - schizophrenia
EDAT- 2020/02/19 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/29 06:00
CRDT- 2020/02/19 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/19 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1080/15622975.2020.1731925 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - World J Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Jan;22(1):1-13. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2020.1731925. 
      Epub 2020 Mar 4.