PMID- 32070849
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200504
LR  - 20200505
IS  - 1872-6283 (Electronic)
IS  - 0379-0738 (Linking)
VI  - 309
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Organic impurity profiling of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) 
      synthesised from catechol and eugenol via 4-allylcatechol.
PG  - 110176
LID - S0379-0738(20)30038-4 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110176 [doi]
AB  - This work examines organic impurity profiles of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine 
      (MDMA) that has been synthesised from the "pre-precursors" catechol 
      (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) and eugenol, via a safrole intermediate. MDMA was 
      synthesised from the catechol- and eugenol-derived safrole intermediate via two 
      routes, which resulted in the synthesis of MDMA from catechol via two routes 
      (Route 1A and 1B) and from eugenol via two routes (Route 2A and 2B). Twelve 
      organic impurities were identified in MDMA synthesised via Routes 1A and 1B, and 
      eleven organic impurities were identified in MDMA synthesised via Routes 2A and 
      2B. Route specific organic impurities were identified in MDMA that indicated the 
      "pre-precursors" catechol and eugenol were used in the respective synthetic 
      routes. Route specific organic impurities were also identified in MDMA that 
      indicated the route used to synthesise safrole from the "pre-precursor" and the 
      route used to synthesise MDMA from safrole. Thus, the use of the "pre-precursors" 
      catechol and eugenol and the synthetic route utilised could be ascertained by the 
      organic impurity profiling of MDMA under the conditions used here.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Heather, Erin
AU  - Heather E
AD  - Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, 
      Australia.
FAU - Shimmon, Ronald
AU  - Shimmon R
AD  - Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, 
      Australia.
FAU - McDonagh, Andrew
AU  - McDonagh A
AD  - Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, 
      Australia. Electronic address: andrew.mcdonagh@uts.edu.au.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200130
PL  - Ireland
TA  - Forensic Sci Int
JT  - Forensic science international
JID - 7902034
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine
OT  - Chemical profiling
OT  - Chemical synthesis
OT  - Illicit drugs
OT  - MDMA
OT  - Safrole
EDAT- 2020/02/20 06:00
MHDA- 2020/02/20 06:01
CRDT- 2020/02/20 06:00
PHST- 2019/08/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/19 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/01/27 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/02/20 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0379-0738(20)30038-4 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110176 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Forensic Sci Int. 2020 Apr;309:110176. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110176. Epub 
      2020 Jan 30.