PMID- 32077621
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210520
LR  - 20231113
IS  - 1613-6829 (Electronic)
IS  - 1613-6810 (Print)
IS  - 1613-6810 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 13
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Glycyrrhizic-Acid-Based Carbon Dots with High Antiviral Activity by Multisite 
      Inhibition Mechanisms.
PG  - e1906206
LID - 10.1002/smll.201906206 [doi]
LID - 1906206
AB  - With the gradual usage of carbon dots (CDs) in the area of antiviral research, 
      attempts have been stepped up to develop new antiviral CDs with high 
      biocompatibility and antiviral effects. In this study, a kind of highly 
      biocompatible CDs (Gly-CDs) is synthesized from active ingredient (glycyrrhizic 
      acid) of Chinese herbal medicine by a hydrothermal method. Using the porcine 
      reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) as a model, it is found that 
      the Gly-CDs inhibit PRRSV proliferation by up to 5 orders of viral titers. 
      Detailed investigations reveal that Gly-CDs can inhibit PRRSV invasion and 
      replication, stimulate antiviral innate immune responses, and inhibit the 
      accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by PRRSV 
      infection. Proteomics analysis demonstrates that Gly-CDs can stimulate cells to 
      regulate the expression of some host restriction factors, including DDX53 and 
      NOS3, which are directly related to PRRSV proliferation. Moreover, it is found 
      that Gly-CDs also remarkably suppress the propagation of other viruses, such as 
      pseudorabies virus (PRV) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), suggesting 
      the broad antiviral activity of Gly-CDs. The integrated results demonstrate that 
      Gly-CDs possess extraordinary antiviral activity with multisite inhibition 
      mechanisms, providing a promising candidate for alternative therapy for PRRSV 
      infection.
CI  - (c) 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.
FAU - Tong, Ting
AU  - Tong T
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
FAU - Hu, Hongwei
AU  - Hu H
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
FAU - Zhou, Junwei
AU  - Zhou J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong 
      Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
FAU - Deng, Shuangfei
AU  - Deng S
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
FAU - Zhang, Xiaotong
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
FAU - Tang, Wantao
AU  - Tang W
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
FAU - Fang, Liurong
AU  - Fang L
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong 
      Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
FAU - Xiao, Shaobo
AU  - Xiao S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong 
      Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
FAU - Liang, Jiangong
AU  - Liang J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8210-0210
AD  - College of Resource and Environment, College of Science, State Key Laboratory of 
      Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. 
      China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200220
PL  - Germany
TA  - Small
JT  - Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
JID - 101235338
RN  - 0 (Antiviral Agents)
RN  - 6FO62043WK (Glycyrrhizic Acid)
RN  - 7440-44-0 (Carbon)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antiviral Agents/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Carbon/*pharmacology
MH  - Glycyrrhizic Acid/*pharmacology
MH  - Immunity, Innate/drug effects
MH  - *Microbial Viability/drug effects
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/drug effects
MH  - Swine
MH  - Virus Replication/drug effects
PMC - PMC7169479
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antiviral mechanisms
OT  - carbon dots
OT  - glycyrrhizic acid
OT  - porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/02/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/21 06:00
PMCR- 2020/04/20
CRDT- 2020/02/21 06:00
PHST- 2019/10/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - SMLL201906206 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/smll.201906206 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Small. 2020 Apr;16(13):e1906206. doi: 10.1002/smll.201906206. Epub 2020 Feb 20.