PMID- 32106493
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201201
LR  - 20201201
IS  - 1420-3049 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-3049 (Linking)
VI  - 25
IP  - 5
DP  - 2020 Feb 25
TI  - Gintonin-Enriched Fraction Suppresses Heat Stress-Induced Inflammation Through 
      LPA Receptor.
LID - 10.3390/molecules25051019 [doi]
LID - 1019
AB  - Heat stress can be caused by various environmental factors. When exposed to heat 
      stress, oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction occur due to an increase of 
      reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body. In particular, inflammatory responses 
      induced by heat stress are common in muscle cells, which are the most exposed to 
      heat stress and directly affected. Gintonin-Enriched Fraction (GEF) is a 
      non-saponin component of ginseng, a glycolipoprotein. It is known that it has 
      excellent neuroprotective effects, therefore, we aimed to confirm the protective 
      effect against heat stress by using GEF. C2C12 cells were exposed to high 
      temperature stress for 1, 12 and 15 h, and the expression of signals was analyzed 
      over time. Changes in the expression of the factors that were observed under heat 
      stress were confirmed at the protein level. Exposure to heat stress increases 
      phosphorylation of p38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and 
      increases expression of inflammatory factors such as NLRP3 inflammasome through 
      lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. Activated inflammatory signals also 
      increase the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and 
      interleukin 18 (IL-18). Also, expression of glutathione reductase (GR) and 
      catalase related to oxidative stress is increased. However, it was confirmed that 
      the changes due to the heat stress were suppressed by the GEF treatment. 
      Therefore, we suggest that GEF helps to protect heat stress in muscle cell and 
      prevent tissue damage by oxidative stress and inflammation.
FAU - Chei, Sungwoo
AU  - Chei S
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
FAU - Song, Ji-Hyeon
AU  - Song JH
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
FAU - Oh, Hyun-Ji
AU  - Oh HJ
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Kippeum
AU  - Lee K
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
FAU - Jin, Heegu
AU  - Jin H
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
FAU - Choi, Sun-Hye
AU  - Choi SH
AD  - Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
FAU - Nah, Seung-Yeol
AU  - Nah SY
AD  - Ginsentology Research Laboratory and Department of Physiology, College of 
      Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Boo-Yong
AU  - Lee BY
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13488, 
      Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200225
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Molecules
JT  - Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 100964009
RN  - 0 (Neuroprotective Agents)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid)
RN  - 0 (gintonin)
RN  - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Calcium/metabolism
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Heat-Shock Response/drug effects/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Inflammation/*drug therapy
MH  - Mice
MH  - Neuroprotective Agents/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Oxidative Stress/drug effects
MH  - Panax/*chemistry
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
MH  - Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acid/*genetics
PMC - PMC7179209
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - C2C12 cell
OT  - ginseng
OT  - gintonin
OT  - gintonin-enriched fraction (GEF)
OT  - heat stress
OT  - inflammation
COIS- The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, 
      or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision 
      to publish the results.
EDAT- 2020/02/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/02 06:00
PMCR- 2020/02/25
CRDT- 2020/02/29 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/20 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/02/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/02 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - molecules25051019 [pii]
AID - molecules-25-01019 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/molecules25051019 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Molecules. 2020 Feb 25;25(5):1019. doi: 10.3390/molecules25051019.