PMID- 32123839 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240328 IS - 2573-9832 (Electronic) IS - 2573-9832 (Linking) VI - 1 IP - 6 DP - 2019 Jun TI - Molecular regulation of skeletal muscle mass and the contribution of nitric oxide: A review. PG - 364-374 LID - 10.1096/fba.2018-00080 [doi] AB - A variety of internal and external factors such as exercise, nutrition, inflammation, and cancer-associated cachexia affect the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Because skeletal muscle functions as a crucial regulator of whole body metabolism, rather than just as a motor for locomotion, the enhancement and maintenance of muscle mass and function are required to maintain health and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with diseases involving muscle wasting. Recent studies in this field have made tremendous progress; therefore, identification of the mechanisms that regulate skeletal muscle mass is necessary for the physical and nutritional management of both athletes and patients with muscle wasting disease. In this review, we present an overall picture of the interactions regulating skeletal muscle mass, particularly focusing on the insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)/insulin-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, skeletal muscle inactivity, and endurance and resistance exercise. We also discuss the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to the regulation of skeletal muscle mass based on the current knowledge of the novel role of NO in these processes. CI - (c) 2019 The Authors. FAU - Kobayashi, Jun AU - Kobayashi J AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Uchida, Hiroyuki AU - Uchida H AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Kofuji, Ayaka AU - Kofuji A AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Ito, Junta AU - Ito J AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Shimizu, Maki AU - Shimizu M AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Kim, Hyounju AU - Kim H AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Sekiguchi, Yusuke AU - Sekiguchi Y AD - Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Josai University Saitama Japan. FAU - Kushibe, Seiji AU - Kushibe S AD - Department of Management, Faculty of Management Josai University Saitama Japan. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20190411 PL - United States TA - FASEB Bioadv JT - FASEB bioAdvances JID - 101733210 PMC - PMC6996321 OTO - NOTNLM OT - fork head box O (FoxO) OT - mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) OT - nitric oxide synthase (NOS) OT - reactive oxygen species (ROS) OT - ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) COIS- No conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, are declared by the authors. EDAT- 2020/03/04 06:00 MHDA- 2020/03/04 06:01 PMCR- 2019/04/11 CRDT- 2020/03/04 06:00 PHST- 2018/12/21 00:00 [received] PHST- 2019/02/12 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2019/03/13 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/04 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/03/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/03/04 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2019/04/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - FBA21048 [pii] AID - 10.1096/fba.2018-00080 [doi] PST - epublish SO - FASEB Bioadv. 2019 Apr 11;1(6):364-374. doi: 10.1096/fba.2018-00080. eCollection 2019 Jun.