PMID- 32126426 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210326 LR - 20210326 IS - 1873-3336 (Electronic) IS - 0304-3894 (Linking) VI - 393 DP - 2020 Jul 5 TI - Beyond graphene oxide acidity: Novel insights into graphene related materials effects on the sexual reproduction of seed plants. PG - 122380 LID - S0304-3894(20)30368-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122380 [doi] AB - Graphene related materials (GRMs) are currently being used in products and devices of everyday life and this strongly increases the possibility of their ultimate release into the environment as waste items. GRMs have several effects on plants, and graphene oxide (GO) in particular, can affect pollen germination and tube growth due to its acidic properties. Despite the socio-economic importance of sexual reproduction in seed plants, the effect of GRMs on this process is still largely unknown. Here, Corylus avellana L. (common Hazel) pollen was germinated in-vitro with and without 1-100 mug mL(-1) few-layer graphene (FLG), GO and reduced GO (rGO) to identify GRMs effects alternative to the acidification damage caused by GO. At 100 mug mL(-1) both FLG and GO decreased pollen germination, however only GO negatively affected pollen tube growth. Furthermore, GO adsorbed about 10 % of the initial Ca(2+) from germination media accounting for a further decrease in germination of 13 % at the pH created by GO. In addition, both FLG and GO altered the normal tip-focused reactive oxygen species (ROS) distribution along the pollen tube. The results provided here help to understand GRMs effect on the sexual reproduction of seed plants and to address future in-vivo studies. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Candotto Carniel, Fabio AU - Candotto Carniel F AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, I-34127, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: fcandotto@units.it. FAU - Fortuna, Lorenzo AU - Fortuna L AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, I-34127, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: lfortuna@units.it. FAU - Nepi, Massimo AU - Nepi M AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P. A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: massimo.nepi@unisi.it. FAU - Cai, Giampiero AU - Cai G AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P. A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: giampiero.cai@unisi.it. FAU - Del Casino, Cecilia AU - Del Casino C AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via P. A. Mattioli 4, I-53100, Siena, Italy. Electronic address: cecilia.delcasino@unisi.it. FAU - Adami, Giampiero AU - Adami G AD - Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: gadami@units.it. FAU - Bramini, Mattia AU - Bramini M AD - Center for Synaptic Neuroscience, Italian Institute of Technology, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, I-16132, Genova, Italy. Electronic address: Mattia.Bramini@iit.it. FAU - Bosi, Susanna AU - Bosi S AD - Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: sbosi@units.it. FAU - Flahaut, Emmanuel AU - Flahaut E AD - CIRIMAT, Universite de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N degrees 5085, Universite Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bat. CIRIMAT, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062, Toulouse cedex 9, France. Electronic address: flahaut@chimie.ups-tlse.fr. FAU - Martin, Cristina AU - Martin C AD - Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo Jose Cela, s/n, E-13005, Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: c.martin-jimenez@ibmc-cnrs.unistra.fr. FAU - Vazquez, Ester AU - Vazquez E AD - Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Camilo Jose Cela, s/n, E-13005, Ciudad Real, Spain; Instituto Regional de Investigacion Cientifica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, E-13071, Ciudad Real, Spain. Electronic address: Ester.Vazquez@uclm.es. FAU - Prato, Maurizio AU - Prato M AD - Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, I-34127, Trieste, Italy; Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory CIC BiomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramon 182, E-20009, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain. Electronic address: prato@units.it. FAU - Tretiach, Mauro AU - Tretiach M AD - Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, I-34127, Trieste, Italy. Electronic address: tretiach@units.it. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200222 PL - Netherlands TA - J Hazard Mater JT - Journal of hazardous materials JID - 9422688 RN - 0 (Reactive Oxygen Species) RN - 0 (graphene oxide) RN - 7782-42-5 (Graphite) RN - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium) SB - IM MH - Calcium/metabolism MH - Cell Survival/drug effects MH - Corylus/*drug effects MH - Flowers/drug effects MH - Graphite/*toxicity MH - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration MH - Pollen/drug effects MH - Pollen Tube/drug effects MH - Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism MH - Reproduction/*drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Calcium imbalance OT - Ecotoxicity OT - Graphene oxide OT - Nanomaterials OT - Phytonanotechnology OT - Pollen COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/03/04 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/27 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/04 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/14 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/02/21 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/04 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/27 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/04 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0304-3894(20)30368-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122380 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Hazard Mater. 2020 Jul 5;393:122380. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122380. Epub 2020 Feb 22.