PMID- 32178451
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1996-1944 (Print)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Electronic)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 6
DP  - 2020 Mar 12
TI  - Impact of Three Natural Oily Extracts as Pulp Additives on the Mechanical, 
      Optical, and Antifungal Properties of Paper Sheets Made from Eucalyptus 
      camaldulensis and Meryta sinclairii Wood Branches.
LID - 10.3390/ma13061292 [doi]
LID - 1292
AB  - In the pulp and paper industry, several studies have been done to improve and 
      enhance the properties of the mechanical, optical, and antimicrobial activities 
      of pulp produced with different additives. In the present study, pulp of wood 
      branches (WBs) from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. and Meryta sinclairii 
      (Hook.f.) Seem. was treated with n-hexane oily extracts (HeOE) from Melia 
      azedarach L. fruits, Magnolia grandiflora L. leaves, and Sinapis alba L. seeds as 
      additives at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% based on oven-dry pulp weight. 
      Measured mechanical properties were higher in paper sheets made from E. 
      camaldulensis than M. sinclairii WB pulp. The highest tensile index values were 
      observed with E. camaldulensis WB pulp treated with 5% HeOEs of S. alba (33.90 
      N.m/g) and M. grandiflora (33.76 N.m/g) compared to control (32.10 N.m/g); the 
      highest tear index with 5% HeOE of S. alba (4.11 mN.m(2)/g) compared to control 
      (3.32 mN.m(2)/g); and the highest burst index with 5% HeOE of S. alba (4.11 
      kPa.m(2)/g) compared to control (3.08 kPa.m(2)/g). The highest double-fold number 
      value (9) was observed with E. camaldulensis WB pulp treated with 5% HeOEs of S. 
      alba, M. azedarach, and M. grandiflora but with no significant difference 
      compared to control treatment (8.33) or other HeOE treatments with E. 
      camaldulensis WB pulp. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examination showed 
      clear inhibition of the growth of Aspergillus terreus with WB pulp paper discs of 
      E. camaldulensis and M. sinclairii treated with HeOEs of M. azedarach, S. alba, 
      and M. grandiflora at 3% and 5% compared to control treatment, while HeOEs at 5% 
      concentration showed no growth of A. niger and A. terreus. The present findings 
      establish that the HeOEs from M. azedarach, S. alba, and M. grandiflora at 3% and 
      5% are novel natural products that can be used as alternatives to improve the 
      properties and antifungal activity of WB pulp produced from E. camaldulensis and 
      M. sinclairii.
FAU - Salem, Mohamed Z M
AU  - Salem MZM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3961-7935
AD  - Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), 
      Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt.
FAU - Abo Elgat, Wael A A
AU  - Abo Elgat WAA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1870-6277
AD  - Restoration Department, High Institute of Tourism, Hotel Management and 
      Restoration, Abukir, Alexandria 21526, Egypt.
FAU - Taha, Ayman S
AU  - Taha AS
AD  - Conservation Department, Faculty of Archaeology, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, 
      Egypt.
FAU - Fares, Yahia G D
AU  - Fares YGD
AD  - Laboratory and Research, Misr Edfu Pulp Writing and Printing Paper Co. (MEPPCO), 
      Aswan 81656, Egypt.
FAU - Ali, Hayssam M
AU  - Ali HM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6801-4263
AD  - Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 
      P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
GR  - RSP-2019/123/King Saud University/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200312
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Materials (Basel)
JT  - Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101555929
PMC - PMC7142441
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Eucalyptus camaldulensis
OT  - Meryta sinclairii
OT  - antifungal activity
OT  - oil additives
OT  - wood branch pulp
COIS- The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2020/03/18 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/18 06:01
PMCR- 2020/03/12
CRDT- 2020/03/18 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/05 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/03/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/03/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ma13061292 [pii]
AID - materials-13-01292 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ma13061292 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Materials (Basel). 2020 Mar 12;13(6):1292. doi: 10.3390/ma13061292.