PMID- 32179224
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200710
LR  - 20200710
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 262
DP  - 2020 Jul
TI  - Occurrence and sources of PCBs, PCNs, and HCB in the atmosphere at a regional 
      background site in east China: Implications for combustion sources.
PG  - 114267
LID - S0269-7491(19)36833-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114267 [doi]
AB  - Multiple types of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), such as polychlorinated 
      biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), and hexachlorobenzene 
      (HCB), can be unintentionally released from combustion or thermal industrial 
      processes, which are speculated to be the main sources of these contaminants, as 
      they were banned on production and use since several decades ago. In this study, 
      concentrations and sources of 40 PCBs, 39 PCNs, and HCB were analyzed in air 
      samples collected during the period 2012-2015 at a background site in east China. 
      SigmaPCBs, SigmaPCNs, and HCB were in the range of 9-341 pg/m(3), 6-143 pg/m(3), and 
      14-522 pg/m(3), respectively. Seasonal characteristics with high levels in winter 
      and low levels in summer were observed for PCNs and HCB. PCBs also exhibited 
      slightly higher levels in winter. Source apportionment was conducted, using 
      polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as combustion sources indicator, combined 
      with principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) 
      model. The results indicated that the legacy of past produced and used commercial 
      PCBs was the dominant contributor ( approximately 56%) to the selected PCBs in the atmosphere 
      in east China. PCNs were mainly emitted from combustion sources ( approximately 64%), whereas 
      HCB almost entirely originated from combustion process (>90%).
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Mao, Shuduan
AU  - Mao S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; 
      College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 
      310058, China.
FAU - Zhang, Gan
AU  - Zhang G
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China. 
      Electronic address: Zhanggan@gig.ac.cn.
FAU - Li, Jun
AU  - Li J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
FAU - Geng, Xiaofei
AU  - Geng X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; 
      University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
FAU - Wang, Jiaqi
AU  - Wang J
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China; 
      University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
FAU - Zhao, Shizhen
AU  - Zhao S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
FAU - Cheng, Zhineng
AU  - Cheng Z
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong province Key 
      Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou 
      Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
FAU - Xu, Yue
AU  - Xu Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, 
      Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China.
FAU - Li, Qilu
AU  - Li Q
AD  - School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453007, China.
FAU - Wang, Yan
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, 
      Dalian 116024, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200227
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Naphthalenes)
RN  - 4Z87H0LKUY (Hexachlorobenzene)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Air Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Atmosphere
MH  - China
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Hexachlorobenzene
MH  - Naphthalenes/analysis
MH  - Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Combustion sources
OT  - Hexachlorobenzene
OT  - Polychlorinated biphenyls
OT  - Polychlorinated naphthalenes
OT  - Seasonal characteristics
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no conflict 
      of interest.
EDAT- 2020/03/18 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/11 06:00
CRDT- 2020/03/18 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(19)36833-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114267 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2020 Jul;262:114267. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114267. Epub 2020 
      Feb 27.