PMID- 32182310 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210104 LR - 20210104 IS - 2042-650X (Electronic) IS - 2042-6496 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 3 DP - 2020 Mar 26 TI - Bok-choy promotes growth performance, lipid metabolism and related gene expression in Syrian golden hamsters fed with a high-fat diet. PG - 2693-2703 LID - 10.1039/c9fo02975c [doi] AB - Broadly, bok-choy is known for its potential benefits as part of a human diet. However, the effects and deeper investigations of bok-choy on human health are still insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of two cultivars of bok-choy, 'Suzhouqing' (green cultivar) and 'Ziluolan' (purple cultivar), on growth performance, lipid metabolism and related gene expressions in Syrian golden hamsters. Fifty six male Syrian golden hamsters (6-months-old) were randomly assigned into 6 groups: normal diet (A), high-fat diet (B), high-fat diet + 5% 'Suzhouqing' (C), high-fat diet + 7% 'Suzhouqing' (D), high-fat diet + 5% 'Ziluolan' (E), and high-fat diet + 7% 'Ziluolan' (F), fed for 56 consecutive days. On day 0, 28 and 56, blood and liver samples were collected to examine the lipid profile, liver enzymes, histomorphology and related gene expressions. The results showed that group B had significantly increased levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, while (P < 0.05) showed impaired levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol compared with group A. Group D, E and F had significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase, while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased compared with group B. Remarkably, the mRNA expressions of CEBP-alpha, DGAT1, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), FASN and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMG-CoA) were significantly up-regulated and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2 (CPT2), Cyp27A1 and proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPAR-alpha) were significantly down-regulated in group B compared with group A. However, in group D, E and F, the mRNA expression levels of CCAAT enhancer binding protein alpha, DGAT1, LPL, FASN and HMG-CoA were significantly down-regulated and CPT2, Cyp27A1 and PPAR-alpha were significantly up-regulated compared with group B. In conclusion, different amounts of bok-choy added to the diets incredibly improved the lipid-profile, enhanced liver enzyme activities and related gene expression. The hamsters supplemented with 7% 'Ziluolan' exhibited the best performance among all the other high-fat groups, which shows that Ziluolan could be a great alternative for the reduction of fat accumulation and conserving health. FAU - Naseri, Emal AU - Naseri E AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Xiangyu, Kong AU - Xiangyu K AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Hu, Chunmei AU - Hu C AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5672-3115 AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn and New Rural Research Institute in Lianyungang, Nanjing Agricultural University, Lianyungang 222002, China. FAU - Ayaz, Aliya AU - Ayaz A AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Rahmani, Mohammad Malyar AU - Rahmani MM AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Nasim, Maazullah AU - Nasim M AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Hamdard, Enayatullah AU - Hamdard E AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Zahir, Ahmadullah AU - Zahir A AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Zhou, Qian AU - Zhou Q AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. FAU - Wang, Jianjun AU - Wang J AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn and New Rural Research Institute in Lianyungang, Nanjing Agricultural University, Lianyungang 222002, China. FAU - Hou, Xilin AU - Hou X AD - State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Science and Technology/College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China. jjjhcm@njau.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PL - England TA - Food Funct JT - Food & function JID - 101549033 RN - 0 (Lipids) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - *Brassica rapa MH - Cricetinae MH - Diet, High-Fat MH - Gene Expression Regulation/*drug effects MH - *Lipid Metabolism/drug effects/genetics MH - Lipids/analysis/blood MH - Liver/drug effects/enzymology/metabolism MH - Male MH - Mesocricetus EDAT- 2020/03/18 06:00 MHDA- 2021/01/05 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/18 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/01/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/18 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1039/c9fo02975c [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Food Funct. 2020 Mar 26;11(3):2693-2703. doi: 10.1039/c9fo02975c.