PMID- 32203413 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20200918 LR - 20210309 IS - 1552-4469 (Electronic) IS - 1552-4450 (Linking) VI - 16 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Jun TI - An aminoacylation ribozyme evolved from a natural tRNA-sensing T-box riboswitch. PG - 702-709 LID - 10.1038/s41589-020-0500-6 [doi] AB - When the primitive translation system first emerged in the hypothetical RNA world, ribozymes could have been responsible for aminoacylation. Given that naturally occurring T-box riboswitches selectively sense the aminoacylation status of cognate tRNAs, we introduced a domain of random sequence into a T-box-tRNA conjugate and isolated ribozymes that were self-aminoacylating on the 3'-terminal hydroxyl group. One of them, named Tx2.1, recognizes the anticodon and D-loop of tRNA via interaction with its stem I domain, similarly to the parental T-box, and selectively charges N-biotinyl-L-phenylalanine (Bio-(l)Phe) onto the 3' end of the cognate tRNA in trans. We also demonstrated the ribosomal synthesis of a Bio-(l)Phe-initiated peptide in a Tx2.1-coupled in vitro translation system, in which Tx2.1 catalyzed specific tRNA aminoacylation in situ. This suggests that such ribozymes could have coevolved with a primitive translation system in the RNA world. FAU - Ishida, Satoshi AU - Ishida S AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5905-8168 AD - Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Terasaka, Naohiro AU - Terasaka N AD - Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Katoh, Takayuki AU - Katoh T AD - Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. FAU - Suga, Hiroaki AU - Suga H AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5298-9186 AD - Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. hsuga@chem.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200323 PL - United States TA - Nat Chem Biol JT - Nature chemical biology JID - 101231976 RN - 0 (RNA, Catalytic) RN - 0 (Riboswitch) RN - 47E5O17Y3R (Phenylalanine) RN - 6SO6U10H04 (Biotin) RN - 9013-20-1 (Streptavidin) SB - IM MH - Bacillus subtilis/enzymology MH - Base Sequence MH - Biotin/chemistry MH - Catalytic Domain MH - Gene Library MH - Models, Genetic MH - Models, Molecular MH - Mutation MH - Nucleic Acid Conformation MH - Phenylalanine/chemistry MH - Protein Binding MH - RNA, Catalytic/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Riboswitch/*genetics MH - Streptavidin/metabolism MH - Transfer RNA Aminoacylation/*drug effects EDAT- 2020/03/24 06:00 MHDA- 2020/09/20 06:00 CRDT- 2020/03/24 06:00 PHST- 2019/09/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/02/11 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/03/24 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/09/20 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/03/24 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1038/s41589-020-0500-6 [pii] AID - 10.1038/s41589-020-0500-6 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Nat Chem Biol. 2020 Jun;16(6):702-709. doi: 10.1038/s41589-020-0500-6. Epub 2020 Mar 23.