PMID- 32218123
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 2076-3921 (Print)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-3921 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Mar 25
TI  - A Melanin-Related Phenolic Polymer with Potent Photoprotective and Antioxidant 
      Activities for Dermo-Cosmetic Applications.
LID - 10.3390/antiox9040270 [doi]
LID - 270
AB  - Eumelanins, the dark variant of skin pigments, are endowed with a remarkable 
      antioxidant activity and well-recognized photoprotective properties that have 
      been ascribed to pigment components derived from the biosynthetic precursor 
      5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA). Herein, we report the protective 
      effect of a polymer obtained starting from the methyl ester of DHICA 
      (MeDHICA-melanin) against Ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced oxidative stress in 
      immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT). MeDHICA-melanin was prepared by aerial 
      oxidation of MeDHICA. At concentrations as low as 10 microg/mL, MeDHICA-melanin 
      prevented reactive oxygen species accumulation and partially reduced glutathione 
      oxidation in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes. Western blot experiments revealed that 
      the polymer is able to induce the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 
      2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2) to the nucleus with the activation of the 
      transcription of antioxidant enzymes, such as heme-oxygenase 1. 
      Spectrophotometric and HPLC analysis of cell lysate allowed to conclude that a 
      significant fraction (ca. 7%), consisting mainly of the 4,4'-dimer of MeDHICA 
      (ca. 2 muM), was internalized in the cells. Overall these data point to the 
      potential use of MeDHICA-melanin as an antioxidant for the treatment of skin 
      damage, photoaging and skin cancers.
FAU - Liberti, Davide
AU  - Liberti D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1255-5030
AD  - Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 
      4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Alfieri, Maria Laura
AU  - Alfieri ML
AD  - Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 
      4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Monti, Daria Maria
AU  - Monti DM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1136-0576
AD  - Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 
      4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Panzella, Lucia
AU  - Panzella L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2662-8205
AD  - Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 
      4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
FAU - Napolitano, Alessandra
AU  - Napolitano A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0507-5370
AD  - Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Cintia 
      4, I-80126 Naples, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200325
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Antioxidants (Basel)
JT  - Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101668981
PMC - PMC7222206
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid
OT  - HaCaT cells
OT  - Nrf-2.
OT  - UVA
OT  - antioxidant
OT  - glutathione
OT  - melanins
OT  - photoprotection
OT  - reactive oxygen species
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/03/29 06:00
MHDA- 2020/03/29 06:01
PMCR- 2020/03/25
CRDT- 2020/03/29 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/03/29 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/03/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/03/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/03/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - antiox9040270 [pii]
AID - antioxidants-09-00270 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/antiox9040270 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Mar 25;9(4):270. doi: 10.3390/antiox9040270.