PMID- 32233456 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210303 LR - 20211204 IS - 1944-8252 (Electronic) IS - 1944-8244 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 18 DP - 2020 May 6 TI - Graphene Surfaces Interaction with Proteins, Bacteria, Mammalian Cells, and Blood Constituents: The Impact of Graphene Platelet Oxidation and Thickness. PG - 21020-21035 LID - 10.1021/acsami.9b21841 [doi] AB - Graphene-based materials (GBMs) have been increasingly explored for biomedical applications. However, interaction between GBMs-integrating surfaces and bacteria, mammalian cells, and blood components, that is, the major biological systems in our body, is still poorly understood. In this study, we systematically explore the features of GBMs that most strongly impact the interactions of GBMs films with plasma proteins and biological systems. Films produced by vacuum filtration of GBMs with different oxidation degree and thickness depict different surface features: graphene oxide (GO) and few-layer GO (FLGO) films are more oxidized, smoother, and hydrophilic, while reduced GO (rGO) and few-layer graphene (FLG) are less or nonoxidized, rougher, and more hydrophobic. All films promote glutathione oxidation, although in a lower extent by rGO, indicating their potential to induce oxidative stress in biological systems. Human plasma proteins, which mediate most of the biological interactions, adsorb less to oxidized films than to rGO and FLG. Similarly, clinically relevant bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, adhere less to GO and FLGO films, while rGO and FLG favor bacterial adhesion and viability. Surface features caused by the oxidation degree and thickness of the GBMs powders within the films have less influence toward human foreskin fibroblasts; all materials allow cell adhesion, proliferation and viability up to 14 days, despite less on rGO surfaces. Blood cells adhere to all films, with higher numbers in less or nonoxidized surfaces, despite none having caused hemolysis (<5%). Unlike thickness, oxidation degree of GBMs platelets strongly impact surface morphology/topography/chemistry of the films, consequently affecting protein adsorption and thus bacteria, fibroblasts and blood cells response. Overall, this study provides useful guidelines regarding the choice of the GBMs to use in the development of surfaces for an envisioned application. Oxidized materials appear as the most promising for biomedical applications that require low bacterial adhesion without being cytotoxic to mammalian cells. FAU - Henriques, Patricia C AU - Henriques PC AD - INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - i3S - Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Pereira, Andreia T AU - Pereira AT AD - INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - i3S - Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - ICBAS - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. FAU - Pires, Ana L AU - Pires AL AD - IFIMUP - Instituto de Fisica dos Materiais da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Pereira, Andre M AU - Pereira AM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8587-262X AD - IFIMUP - Instituto de Fisica dos Materiais da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Magalhaes, Fernao D AU - Magalhaes FD AD - LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal. FAU - Goncalves, Ines C AU - Goncalves IC AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9759-4965 AD - INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomedica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - i3S - Instituto de Investigacao e Inovacao em Saude, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia, Departamento de Engenharia Metalurgica e de Materiais, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal. AD - ICBAS - Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas Abel Salazar, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200421 PL - United States TA - ACS Appl Mater Interfaces JT - ACS applied materials & interfaces JID - 101504991 RN - 0 (Biocompatible Materials) RN - 0 (Blood Proteins) RN - 0 (FLG protein, human) RN - 0 (Filaggrin Proteins) RN - 0 (graphene oxide) RN - 7782-42-5 (Graphite) SB - IM MH - Adsorption MH - Bacteria/*drug effects MH - Biocompatible Materials/*chemistry MH - Blood Platelets/*drug effects MH - Blood Proteins/chemistry/*drug effects MH - Cell Adhesion/drug effects MH - Cell Line MH - Filaggrin Proteins MH - Graphite/*chemistry MH - Humans MH - Oxidation-Reduction MH - Surface Properties OTO - NOTNLM OT - antimicrobial OT - bacterial adhesion OT - biocompatibility OT - films OT - graphene oxide OT - hemocompatibility OT - protein adsorption EDAT- 2020/04/03 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/04 06:00 CRDT- 2020/04/03 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/04 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/03 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1021/acsami.9b21841 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2020 May 6;12(18):21020-21035. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b21841. Epub 2020 Apr 21.