PMID- 32256985
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1976-1457 (Print)
IS  - 2005-6168 (Electronic)
IS  - 1976-1457 (Linking)
VI  - 14
IP  - 2
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Effect of saccharin on inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and the related 
      mechanism.
PG  - 109-116
LID - 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.109 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Excessive intake of simple sugars induces obesity and 
      increases the risk of inflammation. Thus, interest in alternative sweeteners as a 
      sugar substitute is increasing. The purpose of this study was to determine the 
      effect of saccharin on inflammation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS: 
      3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes. The adipocytes were 
      treated with saccharin (0, 50, 100, and 200 microg/mL) for 24 h. Inflammation was 
      induced by exposure of treated adipocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 18 h 
      and cell proliferation was measured. The concentration of nitric oxide (NO) was 
      measured by using Griess reagent. Protein expressions of nuclear factor kappa B 
      (NF-kappaB) and inhibitor kappaB (IkappaB) were determined by western blot analysis. The mRNA 
      expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), 
      interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 
      (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by real-time PCR. 
      RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the amount of NO and the mRNA 
      expression of iNOS in the LPS-treated group were increased by about 17.6% and 
      46.9%, respectively, (P < 0.05), and those parameter levels were significantly 
      decreased by saccharin treatment (P < 0.05). Protein expression of NF-kappaB was 
      decreased and that of IkappaB was increased by saccharin treatment (P < 0.05). 
      Saccharin decreased the mRNA expression of COX-2 and the inflammation cytokines 
      (IL-1beta, IL-6, MCP-1, and TNF-alpha) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this 
      study suggest that saccharin can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses in 
      3T3-L1 adipocytes via the NF-kappaB pathway.
CI  - (c)2020 The Korean Nutrition Society and the Korean Society of Community Nutrition.
FAU - Kim, Hye Lin
AU  - Kim HL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2623-9867
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, 
      Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
FAU - Ha, Ae Wha
AU  - Ha AW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9342-5483
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Natural Nutraceuticals 
      Industrialization Research Center, DanKook University, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
FAU - Kim, Woo Kyoung
AU  - Kim WK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8652-5339
AD  - Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, 119, Dandae-ro, 
      Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam 31116, Korea.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200121
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Nutr Res Pract
JT  - Nutrition research and practice
JID - 101311052
PMC - PMC7075742
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - NF-kappa B
OT  - Saccharin
OT  - adipocytes
OT  - cytokine
OT  - inflammation
COIS- CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/08 06:01
PMCR- 2020/04/01
CRDT- 2020/04/08 06:00
PHST- 2019/09/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/10/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2019/12/11 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/08 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/08 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.109 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Res Pract. 2020 Apr;14(2):109-116. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2020.14.2.109. Epub 2020 
      Jan 21.