PMID- 32259758
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201120
LR  - 20201120
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 139
DP  - 2020 Jun
TI  - Identifying a critical window of maternal metal exposure for maternal and 
      neonatal thyroid function in China: A cohort study.
PG  - 105696
LID - S0160-4120(19)34171-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105696 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: China, a developing country, has a particularly serious problem with 
      metal pollution. We evaluated the association of metal exposure during pregnancy 
      with maternal and neonatal thyroid function, and identified the critical window 
      for maternal metal exposure effects on maternal and neonatal thyroid functions. 
      METHODS: The maternal urinary concentrations of mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), 
      arsenic (As) and cesium (Cs) were determined in pregnant women during their first 
      (n = 389) or third (n = 257) trimesters in a prospective cohort from 2014 to 2015 
      in Nanjing, China, using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) 
      instrument. Maternal serum-free thyroxine (FT4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone 
      (TSH) were measured by electrochemiluminescent microparticle immunoassays in the 
      second and third trimesters. Neonatal TSH levels were detected 72 h after birth. 
      RESULTS: Hg (>0.162 microg/L), Cd (>0.084 microg/L), As (>0.348 microg/L) and Cs 
      (>0.093 microg/L) were detectable in 76.9%, 90.1%, 100% and 100% of maternal urine 
      samples from women in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the multiple adjusted 
      linear regression models, maternal exposures to Hg and Cd in the first trimester 
      were positively associated with maternal TSH levels in the second trimester 
      (P < 0.01, P = 0.02). Moreover, maternal exposures to Cd and Cs in the first 
      trimester were positively associated with neonatal TSH levels (P = 0.04, 
      P = 0.02). In the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model, the results 
      were stable and consistent with the linear regression model. CONCLUSIONS: 
      Maternal exposure to Hg, Cd and Cs in the first trimester was related to TSH 
      levels in mothers and newborns. Efforts to identify maternal and neonatal thyroid 
      disruptors should carefully consider the effects of exposure to these metals.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Wang, Xu
AU  - Wang X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory 
      of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Sun, Xian
AU  - Sun X
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory 
      of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yuqing
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory 
      of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Chen, Minjian
AU  - Chen M
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory 
      of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China.
FAU - Dehli Villanger, Gro
AU  - Dehli Villanger G
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Child Health and Development, 
      PO Box 222 Skoyen, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Aase, Heidi
AU  - Aase H
AD  - Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Child Health and Development, 
      PO Box 222 Skoyen, N-0213 Oslo, Norway.
FAU - Xia, Yankai
AU  - Xia Y
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China; Key Laboratory 
      of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing 
      Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China. Electronic 
      address: yankaixia@njmu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200404
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Metals)
RN  - 9002-71-5 (Thyrotropin)
RN  - Q51BO43MG4 (Thyroxine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Bayes Theorem
MH  - China
MH  - Cohort Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Humans
MH  - Infant, Newborn
MH  - *Maternal Exposure
MH  - Metals
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - *Thyroid Gland
MH  - Thyrotropin
MH  - Thyroxine
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - China
OT  - Cohort study
OT  - Metals
OT  - Thyroid stimulating hormone
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/04/08 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/08 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/03/26 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/08 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(19)34171-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105696 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2020 Jun;139:105696. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105696. Epub 2020 
      Apr 4.