PMID- 32271194
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210621
LR  - 20210621
IS  - 1538-4683 (Electronic)
IS  - 1061-5377 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 5
DP  - 2020 Sep/Oct
TI  - Cardiovascular Safety and Benefits of Noninsulin Antihyperglycemic Drugs for the 
      Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Part 2.
PG  - 219-235
LID - 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000311 [doi]
AB  - Ideal drugs to improve outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are those with 
      antiglycemic efficacy, as well as cardiovascular safety that has to be determined 
      in appropriately designed cardiovascular outcome trials as mandated by regulatory 
      agencies. The more recent antihyperglycemic medications have shown promise with 
      regards to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction in T2DM patients at a high 
      cardiovascular risk. Sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like 
      peptide-1 receptor agonists are associated with better cardiovascular outcomes 
      and mortality in T2DM patients than are dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors, leading 
      to the Food and Drug Administration's approval of empagliflozin to reduce 
      mortality, and of liraglutide to reduce CVD risk in high-risk T2DM patients. For 
      heart failure outcomes, sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors are beneficial, 
      while glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 
      inhibitors are neutral. Ongoing and planned randomized controlled trials of these 
      newer drugs should clarify the possibility of class effects and of CVD risk 
      reduction benefits in low-moderate cardiovascular risk patients. While we eagerly 
      await the results on ongoing studies, these medications should be appropriately 
      prescribed in T2DM patients with baseline CVD or those at a high CVD risk after 
      carefully evaluating the elevated risk for adverse events like gastrointestinal 
      disturbances, bladder cancer, genital infections, and amputations. Studies to 
      understand the pleotropic and novel pathophysiological mechanisms demonstrated by 
      the sodium glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors will shed light on the effects of 
      the modulation of microvascular, inflammatory, and thrombotic milieu for 
      improving the CVD risk in T2DM patients. This is part 2 of the series on 
      noninsulin antihyperglycemic drugs for the treatment of T2DM.
FAU - Yandrapalli, Srikanth
AU  - Yandrapalli S
AD  - From the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical 
      Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
FAU - Malik, Aaqib
AU  - Malik A
AD  - From the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical 
      Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
FAU - Horblitt, Adam
AU  - Horblitt A
AD  - Division of Cardiology, Tulane Medical Center, New Orleans, LA.
FAU - Pemmasani, Gayatri
AU  - Pemmasani G
AD  - From the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical 
      Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
FAU - Aronow, Wilbert S
AU  - Aronow WS
AD  - From the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical 
      Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
FAU - Frishman, William H
AU  - Frishman WH
AD  - From the Department of Medicine and Division of Cardiology, Westchester Medical 
      Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - United States
TA  - Cardiol Rev
JT  - Cardiology in review
JID - 9304686
RN  - 0 (Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Hypoglycemic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors)
SB  - IM
MH  - Cardiovascular Diseases/*prevention & control
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*drug therapy
MH  - Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/*pharmacology
MH  - Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypoglycemic Agents/classification/pharmacology
MH  - Risk Assessment
MH  - Risk Reduction Behavior
MH  - Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors/*pharmacology
EDAT- 2020/04/10 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/22 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/10 06:00
PHST- 2020/04/10 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/10 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 00045415-202009000-00002 [pii]
AID - 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000311 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cardiol Rev. 2020 Sep/Oct;28(5):219-235. doi: 10.1097/CRD.0000000000000311.