PMID- 32273018
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201124
LR  - 20201124
IS  - 1873-2542 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-1135 (Linking)
VI  - 243
DP  - 2020 Apr
TI  - Activation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in the thymus of piglets infected 
      with PRRSV-1 strains of different virulence.
PG  - 108639
LID - S0378-1135(19)31398-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108639 [doi]
AB  - In the last decade, the outbreaks caused by virulent porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) strains from both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 have 
      considerably increased. PRRSV is able to modulate the host's immune response 
      through the induction of apoptosis of cells in lymphoid organs like thymus, 
      increasing the susceptibility to secondary infectious agents. The present study 
      aimed to compare the impact of two PRRSV-1 strains, a field low virulent strain 
      (3249 strain) and a virulent strain (Lena strain), in the thymus of infected 
      pigs, focusing on clinical signs, histological analysis, viraemia, thymus viral 
      load and the study of the different routes of apoptosis phenomena by 
      immunohistochemistry. Sera and thymus samples were collected from infected 
      animals with 3249 strain, Lena strain and mock-infected animals at 1, 3, 6, 8 and 
      13 days post-infection (dpi). Lena-infected animals showed severe clinical 
      disease, high sera and thymus viral loads with evident thymic atrophy since 6 
      dpi, matching with PRRSV-N protein, TUNEL and cCasp3 expression in the thymic 
      cortex. In both infected groups, there was an increase in the number of cells 
      expressing molecules related to the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis (cCasp8 and 
      Fas) in cortex and medulla, showing an important role in the apoptosis induction 
      produced in thymus of PRRSV-infected piglets. The extensive apoptosis in the 
      thymus through this pathway would lead to a decrease in the number of mature T 
      lymphocytes and the sustained release of viral particles, which may explain the 
      greater severity of the clinical signs observed in Lena-infected pigs.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Ruedas-Torres, Ines
AU  - Ruedas-Torres I
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain. Electronic address: iruedas@uco.es.
FAU - Rodriguez-Gomez, Irene Magdalena
AU  - Rodriguez-Gomez IM
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
FAU - Sanchez-Carvajal, Jose Maria
AU  - Sanchez-Carvajal JM
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
FAU - Pallares, Francisco Jose
AU  - Pallares FJ
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
FAU - Barranco, Inmaculada
AU  - Barranco I
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
FAU - Carrasco, Librado
AU  - Carrasco L
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
FAU - Gomez-Laguna, Jaime
AU  - Gomez-Laguna J
AD  - Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Cordoba, 14014, Cordoba, Spain.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200307
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Microbiol
JT  - Veterinary microbiology
JID - 7705469
RN  - EC 3.4.22.- (Caspase 3)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Apoptosis
MH  - Atrophy
MH  - Caspase 3/metabolism
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*pathogenicity
MH  - *Signal Transduction
MH  - Swine
MH  - Thymus Gland/*pathology/*virology
MH  - Viral Load
MH  - Viremia
MH  - Virulence
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Extrinsic pathway
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - Thymus
OT  - Virulent strain
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no competing 
      interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/11 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/25 06:00
CRDT- 2020/04/11 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/04 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/03/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/11 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/11 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/25 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0378-1135(19)31398-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108639 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Microbiol. 2020 Apr;243:108639. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108639. Epub 2020 
      Mar 7.