PMID- 3227493
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19890327
LR  - 20131121
IS  - 0040-3709 (Print)
IS  - 0040-3709 (Linking)
VI  - 38
IP  - 3
DP  - 1988 Sep
TI  - Central nervous system malformations induced by triamcinolone acetonide in 
      nonhuman primates: pathogenesis.
PG  - 259-70
AB  - The pathogenetic sequence for TAC-induced encephalocele is in agreement with 
      hypotheses proposing that neural tube closure is followed by protrusion of the 
      mesencephalon, with subsequent growth and development resulting in herniation of 
      the cerebrum and cerebellum. This model could serve to clarify the pathogenesis 
      of encephalocele and to stimulate further study in comparing this defect to other 
      dysraphic states. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) was administered intramuscularly 
      (10 mg/kg) to 16 pregnant rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) for 5 alternate days of 
      pregnancy, beginning on gestational day (GD) 23. Conceptuses were removed by 
      hysterotomy at GD 35, 42, 50, or 70 and examined grossly and histologically. 
      Length, area, and perimeter of the tectum and aqueduct area and perimeter were 
      measured with an image analyzer. Changes in treated specimens were suggestive of 
      forces within or ventral to the tectum resulting in dorsal protrusion, 
      rostral-posterior stretching, and attenuation. The angle of the cephalic, 
      pontine, and cervical flexures was also measured. The more acute angle of the 
      cephalic flexure and less acute cervical flexure of treated specimens could 
      represent altered orientation secondary to a mesenchymal deficiency. However, the 
      less acute angle of the pontine flexure in treated specimens suggests an 
      intrinsic alteration in the neural tube. This suggests that encephalocele may 
      result from a combination of mesenchymal and neural tube abnormalities.
FAU - Tarara, R P
AU  - Tarara RP
AD  - California Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis 95616.
FAU - Wheeldon, E B
AU  - Wheeldon EB
FAU - Hendrickx, A G
AU  - Hendrickx AG
LA  - eng
GR  - 5 T32 ES07055/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
GR  - RR00169/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Teratology
JT  - Teratology
JID - 0153257
RN  - 0 (Teratogens)
RN  - F446C597KA (Triamcinolone Acetonide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Central Nervous System/*abnormalities/drug effects/embryology
MH  - Encephalocele/*chemically induced
MH  - Female
MH  - Gestational Age
MH  - Macaca mulatta
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - *Teratogens
MH  - Triamcinolone Acetonide/*toxicity
EDAT- 1988/09/01 00:00
MHDA- 1988/09/01 00:01
CRDT- 1988/09/01 00:00
PHST- 1988/09/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1988/09/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1988/09/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/tera.1420380310 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Teratology. 1988 Sep;38(3):259-70. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420380310.