PMID- 32311629 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201120 LR - 20210602 IS - 1873-6750 (Electronic) IS - 0160-4120 (Print) IS - 0160-4120 (Linking) VI - 139 DP - 2020 Jun TI - Prenatal exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and maternal and neonatal thyroid function in the Project Viva Cohort: A mixtures approach. PG - 105728 LID - S0160-4120(19)34599-4 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105728 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Maternal and neonatal thyroid function is critical for growth and neurodevelopment. Exposure to individual per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) can alter circulating thyroid hormone levels, but few studies have investigated effects of combined exposure to multiple PFAS. OBJECTIVES: Estimate associations of exposure to multiple PFAS during early pregnancy with maternal and neonatal thyroid function. METHODS: The study population consisted of 726 mothers and 465 neonates from Project Viva, a Boston, Massachusetts area longitudinal pre-birth cohort. We measured six PFAS [perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), 2-(N-ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido)acetate (EtFOSAA), and 2-(N-methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido)acetate (MeFOSAA)] and thyroxine (T(4)), Free T(4) Index (FT(4)I), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in maternal plasma samples collected during early pregnancy, and neonatal T(4) in postpartum heel sticks. We estimated individual and joint effects of PFAS exposure with thyroid hormone levels using weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and evaluated potential non-linearity and interactions among PFAS using BKMR. RESULTS: Higher concentrations of the PFAS mixture were associated with significantly lower maternal FT(4)I, with MeFOSAA, EtFOSAA, PFOA, and PFHxS contributing most to the overall mixture effect in BKMR and WQS regression. In infants, higher concentrations of the PFAS mixture were associated with lower T(4) levels, primarily in males, with PFHxS and MeFOSAA contributing most in WQS, and PFHxS contributing most in BKMR. The PFAS mixture was not associated with maternal T(4) or TSH levels. However, in maternal BKMR analyses, ln-PFOS was positively associated with T(4) levels (Delta25(th) to 75th percentile: 0.21 microg/dL; 95% credible interval: -0.03, 0.47) and ln-PFHxS was associated with a non-linear effect on TSH levels. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the hypothesis that there may be combined effects of prenatal exposure to multiple PFAS on maternal and neonatal thyroid function, but the direction and magnitude of these effects may vary across individual PFAS. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. FAU - Preston, Emma V AU - Preston EV AD - Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: epreston@hsph.harvard.edu. FAU - Webster, Thomas F AU - Webster TF AD - Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Claus Henn, Birgit AU - Claus Henn B AD - Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - McClean, Michael D AU - McClean MD AD - Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Gennings, Chris AU - Gennings C AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. FAU - Oken, Emily AU - Oken E AD - Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L AU - Rifas-Shiman SL AD - Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Pearce, Elizabeth N AU - Pearce EN AD - Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. FAU - Calafat, Antonia M AU - Calafat AM AD - Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. FAU - Fleisch, Abby F AU - Fleisch AF AD - Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Portland, ME, USA. FAU - Sagiv, Sharon K AU - Sagiv SK AD - Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, CA, USA. LA - eng GR - R00 ES022986/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 ES014562/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - UH3 OD023286/OD/NIH HHS/United States GR - K23 ES024803/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES030101/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - T32 ES007069/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES028800/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 ES021447/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States GR - R01 HD034568/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural DEP - 20200417 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Int JT - Environment international JID - 7807270 RN - 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Fluorocarbons) SB - IM MH - *Alkanesulfonic Acids MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Boston MH - *Environmental Pollutants/toxicity MH - Female MH - *Fluorocarbons/toxicity MH - Humans MH - Infant MH - Infant, Newborn MH - Male MH - Massachusetts MH - Pregnancy MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MH - Thyroid Gland PMC - PMC7282386 MID - NIHMS1587120 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Chemical mixtures OT - Endocrine disrupting chemicals OT - PFAS OT - Pregnancy OT - Thyroid COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/04/21 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/21 06:00 PMCR- 2021/06/01 CRDT- 2020/04/21 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/05 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/06 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/07 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/21 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/21 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/21 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2021/06/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0160-4120(19)34599-4 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105728 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Int. 2020 Jun;139:105728. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105728. Epub 2020 Apr 17.