PMID- 32316214
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210128
LR  - 20210128
IS  - 2072-6643 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6643 (Linking)
VI  - 12
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Apr 16
TI  - Stable Iodine Nutrition During Two Decades of Continuous Universal Salt 
      Iodisation in Sri Lanka.
LID - 10.3390/nu12041109 [doi]
LID - 1109
AB  - Universal salt iodisation (USI) was introduced in Sri Lanka in 1995. Since then, 
      four national iodine surveys have assessed the iodine nutrition status of the 
      population. We retrospectively reviewed median urine iodine concentration (mUIC) 
      and goitre prevalence in 16,910 schoolchildren (6-12 years) in all nine provinces 
      of Sri Lanka, the mUIC of pregnant women, drinking-water iodine level, and the 
      percentage of households consuming adequately (15 mg/kg) iodised salt (household 
      salt iodine, HHIS). The mUIC of schoolchildren increased from 145.3 microg/L 
      (interquartile range (IQR) = 84.6-240.4) in 2000 to 232.5 microg/L (IQR = 
      159.3-315.8) in 2016, but stayed within recommended levels. Some regional 
      variability in mUIC was observed (178.8 and 297.3 microg/L in 2016). There was 
      positive association between mUIC in schoolchildren and water iodine 
      concentration. Goitre prevalence to palpation was a significantly reduced from 
      18.6% to 2.1% (p < 0.05). In pregnant women, median UIC increased in each 
      trimester (102.3 (61.7-147.1); 217.5 (115.6-313.0); 273.1 (228.9-337.6) microg/L (p = 
      0.000)). We conclude that the introduction and maintenance of a continuous and 
      consistent USI programme has been a success in Sri Lanka. In order to sustain the 
      programme, it is important to retain monitoring of iodine status while tracking 
      salt-consumption patterns to adjust the recommended iodine content of edible 
      salt.
FAU - Jayatissa, Renuka
AU  - Jayatissa R
AD  - Department of Nutrition, Medical Research Institute, Danister De Silva Mawatha, 
      Colombo 8, Sri Lanka.
FAU - Gorstein, Jonathan
AU  - Gorstein J
AD  - University of Washington, Department of Global Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
FAU - Okosieme, Onyebuchi E
AU  - Okosieme OE
AD  - Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences and Thyroid Research Group, C2 Link 
      Corridor, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
FAU - Lazarus, John H
AU  - Lazarus JH
AD  - Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences and Thyroid Research Group, C2 Link 
      Corridor, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
FAU - Premawardhana, Lakdasa D
AU  - Premawardhana LD
AD  - Centre for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences and Thyroid Research Group, C2 Link 
      Corridor, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200416
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Nutrients
JT  - Nutrients
JID - 101521595
RN  - 0 (Drinking Water)
RN  - 0 (Sodium Chloride, Dietary)
RN  - 0 (iodized salt)
RN  - 9679TC07X4 (Iodine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Drinking Water/chemistry
MH  - Female
MH  - Goiter/epidemiology/etiology/prevention & control
MH  - Humans
MH  - Iodine/*administration & dosage/analysis/chemistry/urine
MH  - Male
MH  - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/*physiology
MH  - *Nutritional Status
MH  - Pregnancy
MH  - Prevalence
MH  - *Preventive Health Services
MH  - Retrospective Studies
MH  - Schools/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Sodium Chloride, Dietary/*administration & dosage
MH  - Sri Lanka/epidemiology
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC7230738
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - goitre
OT  - iodine pregnant women
OT  - iodine schoolchildren
OT  - iodised salt
OT  - urine iodine
OT  - water iodine
COIS- The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect 
      the views of the institutions with which they are affiliated. The authors declare 
      that there is no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/29 06:00
PMCR- 2020/04/01
CRDT- 2020/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/04/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - nu12041109 [pii]
AID - nutrients-12-01109 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/nu12041109 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Nutrients. 2020 Apr 16;12(4):1109. doi: 10.3390/nu12041109.