PMID- 32316487
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200423
LR  - 20200523
IS  - 1424-8220 (Electronic)
IS  - 1424-8220 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 8
DP  - 2020 Apr 17
TI  - Hybrid Multi-Level Detection and Mitigation of Clone Attacks in Mobile Wireless 
      Sensor Network (MWSN).
LID - 10.3390/s20082283 [doi]
LID - 2283
AB  - Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are often deployed in hostile environments, where 
      an adversary can physically capture some of the sensor nodes. The adversary 
      collects all the nodes' important credentials and subsequently replicate the 
      nodes, which may expose the network to a number of other security attacks, and 
      eventually compromise the entire network. This harmful attack where a single or 
      more nodes illegitimately claims an identity as replicas is known as the node 
      replication attack. The problem of node replication attack can be further 
      aggravated due to the mobile nature in WSN. In this paper, we propose an extended 
      version of multi-level replica detection technique built on Danger Theory (DT), 
      which utilizes a hybrid approach (centralized and distributed) to shield the 
      mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs) from clone attacks. The danger theory 
      concept depends on a multi-level of detections; first stage (highlights the 
      danger zone (DZ) by checking the abnormal behavior of mobile nodes), second stage 
      (battery check and random number) and third stage (inform about replica to other 
      networks). The DT method performance is highlighted through security parameters 
      such as false negative, energy, detection time, communication overhead and delay 
      in detection. The proposed approach also demonstrates that the hybrid DT method 
      is capable and successful in detecting and mitigating any malicious activities 
      initiated by the replica. Nowadays, crimes are vastly increasing and it is 
      crucial to modify the systems accordingly. Indeed, it is understood that the 
      communication needs to be secured by keen observation at each level of detection. 
      The simulation results show that the proposed approach overcomes the weaknesses 
      of the previous and existing centralized and distributed approaches and enhances 
      the performance of MWSN in terms of communication and memory overhead.
FAU - Shaukat, Haafizah Rameeza
AU  - Shaukat HR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6774-6139
AD  - Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering, Universiti Putra 
      Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
FAU - Hashim, Fazirulhisyam
AU  - Hashim F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1880-5643
AD  - Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering, Universiti Putra 
      Malaysia, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
FAU - Shaukat, Muhammad Arslan
AU  - Shaukat MA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1693-9445
AD  - School of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology 
      Sydney, Sydney 2007, Australia.
FAU - Ali Alezabi, Kamal
AU  - Ali Alezabi K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5957-0732
AD  - School of Information Technology, FoBIS, UCSI University, Kula Lumpur 56000, 
      Malaysia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200417
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sensors (Basel)
JT  - Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101204366
SB  - IM
PMC - PMC7219091
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - danger theory
OT  - danger zone
OT  - hybrid
OT  - mobile wireless sensor network
OT  - node replication attack
OT  - wireless sensor network
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/04/23 06:00
MHDA- 2020/04/23 06:01
PMCR- 2020/04/01
CRDT- 2020/04/23 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/30 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/04/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - s20082283 [pii]
AID - sensors-20-02283 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/s20082283 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sensors (Basel). 2020 Apr 17;20(8):2283. doi: 10.3390/s20082283.