PMID- 32325856 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210225 LR - 20210225 IS - 2072-6643 (Electronic) IS - 2072-6643 (Linking) VI - 12 IP - 4 DP - 2020 Apr 19 TI - Yeast Beta-Glucan Supplementation Downregulates Markers of Systemic Inflammation after Heated Treadmill Exercise. LID - 10.3390/nu12041144 [doi] LID - 1144 AB - Aerobic exercise and thermal stress instigate robust challenges to the immune system. Various attempts to modify or supplement the diet have been proposed to bolster the immune system responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of yeast beta-glucan (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation. Healthy, active men (29.6 +/- 6.7 years, 178.1 +/- 7.2 cm, 83.2 +/- 11.2 kg, 49.6 +/- 5.1 mL/kg/min, n = 16) and women (30.1 +/- 8.9 years, 165.6 +/- 4.1 cm, 66.7 +/- 10.0 kg, 38.7 +/- 5.8 mL/kg/min, n = 15) were randomly assigned in a double-blind and cross-over fashion to supplement for 13 days with either 250 mg/day of yeast beta-glucan (YBG) or a maltodextrin placebo (PLA). Participants arrived fasted and completed a bout of treadmill exercise at 55% peak aerobic capacity (VO(2Peak)) in a hot (37.2 +/- 1.8 degrees C) and humid (45.2 +/- 8.8%) environment. Prior to and 0, 2, and 72 h after completing exercise, changes in white blood cell counts, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, markers of muscle damage, markers of muscle function, soreness, and profile of mood states (POMS) were assessed. In response to exercise and heat, both groups experienced significant increases in white blood cell counts, plasma creatine kinase and myoglobin, and soreness along with reductions in peak torque and total work with no between-group differences. Concentrations of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines in YBG were lower than PLA for macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta) (p = 0.044) and tended to be lower for interleukin 8 (IL-8) (p = 0.079), monocyte chemoattractment protein 1 (MCP-1) (p = 0.095), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) (p = 0.085). Paired samples t-tests using delta values between baseline and 72 h post-exercise revealed significant differences between groups for IL-8 (p = 0.044, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): (0.013, 0.938, d = -0.34), MCP-1 (p = 0.038, 95% CI: 0.087, 2.942, d = -0.33), and MIP-1beta (p = 0.010, 95% CI: 0.13, 0.85, d = -0.33). POMS outcomes changed across time with anger scores in PLA exhibiting a sharper decline than YBG (p = 0.04). Vigor scores (p = 0.04) in YBG remained stable while scores in PLA were significantly reduced 72 h after exercise. In conclusion, a 13-day prophylactic period of supplementation with 250 mg of yeast-derived beta-glucans invoked favorable changes in cytokine markers of inflammation after completing a prolonged bout of heated treadmill exercise. FAU - Zabriskie, Hannah A AU - Zabriskie HA AD - Department of Kinesiology, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA. FAU - Blumkaitis, Julia C AU - Blumkaitis JC AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Moon, Jessica M AU - Moon JM AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Currier, Bradley S AU - Currier BS AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Stefan, Riley AU - Stefan R AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Ratliff, Kayla AU - Ratliff K AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Harty, Patrick S AU - Harty PS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0004-2940 AD - Energy Balance and Body Composition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology & Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA. FAU - Stecker, Richard A AU - Stecker RA AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. FAU - Rudnicka, Karolina AU - Rudnicka K AD - Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland. FAU - Jager, Ralf AU - Jager R AD - Increnovo LLC, Milwaukee, WI 53202, USA. FAU - Roberts, Michael D AU - Roberts MD AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7359-5362 AD - School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. FAU - Young, Kaelin AU - Young K AD - Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. FAU - Jagim, Andrew R AU - Jagim AR AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6651-5096 AD - Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Onalaska, WI 54650, USA. FAU - Kerksick, Chad M AU - Kerksick CM AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0458-7294 AD - Exercise and Performance Nutrition Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, Lindenwood University, 209 S. Kingshighway, St. Charles, MO 63301, USA. LA - eng GR - LU-11-001/Increnovo, LLC/ PT - Journal Article PT - Randomized Controlled Trial DEP - 20200419 PL - Switzerland TA - Nutrients JT - Nutrients JID - 101521595 RN - 0 (CCL2 protein, human) RN - 0 (CCL4 protein, human) RN - 0 (Chemokine CCL2) RN - 0 (Chemokine CCL4) RN - 0 (Inflammation Mediators) RN - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha) RN - 0 (beta-Glucans) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Chemokine CCL2/metabolism MH - Chemokine CCL4/metabolism MH - Cross-Over Studies MH - *Dietary Supplements MH - Double-Blind Method MH - Down-Regulation/*drug effects MH - Exercise/*physiology MH - *Exercise Test MH - Female MH - Heat-Shock Response/*genetics/*physiology MH - Humans MH - Inflammation/*genetics/*metabolism MH - Inflammation Mediators/metabolism MH - Leukocyte Count MH - Male MH - Muscle Fatigue/drug effects/genetics MH - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena/*physiology MH - Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*chemistry MH - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism MH - Young Adult MH - beta-Glucans/*administration & dosage/isolation & purification/*pharmacology PMC - PMC7230631 OTO - NOTNLM OT - carbohydrate OT - endurance OT - fiber OT - hot OT - humid OT - immune OT - immunity OT - inflammation OT - muscle damage OT - prebiotic OT - recovery OT - supplementation OT - yeast OT - yeast beta-glucan COIS- All authors declare no conflicts of interest. EDAT- 2020/04/25 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/26 06:00 PMCR- 2020/04/01 CRDT- 2020/04/25 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/04 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/15 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/16 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/04/25 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/04/25 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/26 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - nu12041144 [pii] AID - nutrients-12-01144 [pii] AID - 10.3390/nu12041144 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Nutrients. 2020 Apr 19;12(4):1144. doi: 10.3390/nu12041144.