PMID- 32367477 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20200928 IS - 1869-6953 (Print) IS - 1869-6961 (Electronic) IS - 1869-6961 (Linking) VI - 11 IP - 6 DP - 2020 Jun TI - Impact of Ramadan on Physical Activity and Sleeping Patterns in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: The First Study Using Fitbit Device. PG - 1331-1346 LID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00825-x [doi] AB - INTRODUCTION: The impact of Ramadan fasting, a type of intermittent fasting, on the management of diabetes has not been well investigated. Physical activity, sleep duration, and time of sleep are susceptible to alterations during Ramadan due to the changes in the times and numbers of meals. This study compared physical activity and sleep patterns of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) during and after Ramadan using the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) and a Fitbit Flex 2 accelerometer. METHODS: Saudi individuals (n = 36) with T2DM completed a self-reported questionnaire and wore a Fitbit device for seven consecutive days during and after Ramadan. Fitbit generated weekly step counts, activity intensities, sedentary time, and sleep durations and times. IPAQ was used to estimate the physical activity and sitting time of participants in each period. Sleep patterns were assessed in each period by a self-reported questionnaire. RESULTS: Both Fitbit and IPAQ indicated a high prevalence of low physical activity among the participants with non-significant variances between the during and after Ramadan periods. Also, a significant short daily total sleeping hours and daily night-time sleeping hours was seen during the Ramadan period. The duration of night-time sleep was observed to be low in each period. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to use a Fitbit device to monitor individuals with T2DM who chose to fast during Ramadan. The study shows a high prevalence of low physical activity among Saudi individuals with T2DM in each period, and short sleep durations in the during Ramadan period compared to after Ramadan period. A high prevalence of short night-time sleep duration and excessive daytime sleeping was observed in both periods and significantly in the during Ramadan period. A larger study is needed in the future covering before, during, and after Ramadan to evaluate the impact of lifestyle changes related to Ramadan fasting on type 2 diabetes. FAU - Alghamdi, Abdullah S AU - Alghamdi AS AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7911-6895 AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK. ph-abdallah@hotmail.com. AD - General Directorate of Medical Services of the Interior Ministry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. ph-abdallah@hotmail.com. FAU - Alghamdi, Khalid A AU - Alghamdi KA AD - Al Iman General Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Jenkins, Richard O AU - Jenkins RO AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK. FAU - Alghamdi, Mohammed N AU - Alghamdi MN AD - Al Iman General Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. FAU - Haris, Parvez I AU - Haris PI AD - Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200504 PL - United States TA - Diabetes Ther JT - Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders JID - 101539025 PMC - PMC7261298 OTO - NOTNLM OT - Diabetes OT - Fitbit OT - IPAQ OT - Physical activity OT - Ramadan OT - Sleep OT - T2DM EDAT- 2020/05/06 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/06 06:01 PMCR- 2020/05/04 CRDT- 2020/05/06 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/06 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/04 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00825-x [pii] AID - 825 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s13300-020-00825-x [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Diabetes Ther. 2020 Jun;11(6):1331-1346. doi: 10.1007/s13300-020-00825-x. Epub 2020 May 4.