PMID- 32377522 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210216 LR - 20220414 IS - 2314-6753 (Electronic) IS - 2314-6745 (Print) VI - 2020 DP - 2020 TI - Females with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Are Prone to Diabetic Retinopathy: A Twelve-Province Cross-Sectional Study in China. PG - 5814296 LID - 10.1155/2020/5814296 [doi] LID - 5814296 AB - AIMS: To investigate the distribution of diabetic retinopathy (DR) by sex in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a twelve-province cross-sectional study in China. METHODS: Patients with T2DM, whose ages were >/=18 years, were recruited from 76 cities/counties in 12 provinces in mainland China between January 2015 and December 2018. All participants received a standardized interview, eye examinations, and digital fundus photography. The presence and severity of DR were diagnosed and classified by retina specialists according to the DR domestic typing method. RESULTS: A total of 12,766 participants (5963 males and 6803 females) were eligible for this study. The total prevalence of DR was 30.1%. Females exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of DR than males (31.1% vs. 29.0%, P = 0.011). A multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that female sex was an independent predictor for a higher prevalence of DR after adjusting for age, the duration of diabetes, economic status, and the presence of hypertension (OR: 1.096, 95% CI: 1.013-1.186, P = 0.023). Even after stratification by the diabetic duration, age, and economic status, female sex was still independently associated with the presence of DR in patients whose T2DM history was more than 10 years, whose ages were over 60 years, or who were in a relatively intermediate economic area. CONCLUSION: Females had a higher prevalence of DR than males in T2DM patients with a diabetic history of more than 10 years, ages over 60 years, or a relatively intermediate economic status. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Mei Li et al. FAU - Li, Mei AU - Li M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1996-4662 AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. AD - VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Wang, Yina AU - Wang Y AD - VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Liu, Zifeng AU - Liu Z AD - Clinical Data Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Tang, Xixiang AU - Tang X AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. AD - VIP Medical Service Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Mu, Panwei AU - Mu P AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Tan, Ying AU - Tan Y AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Wang, Jing AU - Wang J AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Yuedong Hospital, Meizhou 514021, China. FAU - Lin, Bairun AU - Lin B AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Yuedong Hospital, Meizhou 514021, China. FAU - Deng, Juan AU - Deng J AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7709-8881 AD - Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Peng, Ruiping AU - Peng R AD - Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Zhang, Rongyu AU - Zhang R AD - Guangzhou Da'an Clinical Laboratory Center Co. Ltd., Guangzhou 440100, China. FAU - He, Zhihui AU - He Z AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9832-3822 AD - Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou 510000, China. FAU - Li, Dongling AU - Li D AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Yuedong Hospital, Meizhou 514021, China. FAU - Zhang, Yongjun AU - Zhang Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519100, China. FAU - Yang, Caixian AU - Yang C AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan 511518, China. FAU - Li, Yuan AU - Li Y AD - Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Yuedong Hospital, Meizhou 514021, China. FAU - Chen, Yuming AU - Chen Y AD - School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. FAU - Liu, Xun AU - Liu X AD - Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. FAU - Chen, Yanming AU - Chen Y AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6856-9058 AD - Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200421 PL - England TA - J Diabetes Res JT - Journal of diabetes research JID - 101605237 SB - IM MH - Aged MH - China/epidemiology MH - Cross-Sectional Studies MH - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*epidemiology MH - Diabetic Retinopathy/*diagnosis/epidemiology MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Male MH - Middle Aged MH - Prevalence MH - Risk Factors MH - Severity of Illness Index MH - Sex Factors PMC - PMC7191394 COIS- None of the authors has any conflicts of interest to declare. EDAT- 2020/05/08 06:00 MHDA- 2021/02/17 06:00 PMCR- 2020/04/21 CRDT- 2020/05/08 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/25 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/03/26 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/01 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/08 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/08 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/04/21 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.1155/2020/5814296 [doi] PST - epublish SO - J Diabetes Res. 2020 Apr 21;2020:5814296. doi: 10.1155/2020/5814296. eCollection 2020.