PMID- 32397180 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20240329 IS - 2310-2861 (Electronic) IS - 2310-2861 (Linking) VI - 6 IP - 2 DP - 2020 May 8 TI - Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels for Local Post-Surgical Drug Delivery. LID - 10.3390/gels6020014 [doi] LID - 14 AB - Currently, surgical operations, followed by systemic drug delivery, are the prevailing treatment modality for most diseases, including cancers and trauma-based injuries. Although effective to some extent, the side effects of surgery include inflammation, pain, a lower rate of tissue regeneration, disease recurrence, and the non-specific toxicity of chemotherapies, which remain significant clinical challenges. The localized delivery of therapeutics has recently emerged as an alternative to systemic therapy, which not only allows the delivery of higher doses of therapeutic agents to the surgical site, but also enables overcoming post-surgical complications, such as infections, inflammations, and pain. Due to the limitations of the current drug delivery systems, and an increasing clinical need for disease-specific drug release systems, hydrogels have attracted considerable interest, due to their unique properties, including a high capacity for drug loading, as well as a sustained release profile. Hydrogels can be used as local drug performance carriers as a means for diminishing the side effects of current systemic drug delivery methods and are suitable for the majority of surgery-based injuries. This work summarizes recent advances in hydrogel-based drug delivery systems (DDSs), including formulations such as implantable, injectable, and sprayable hydrogels, with a particular emphasis on stimuli-responsive materials. Moreover, clinical applications and future opportunities for this type of post-surgery treatment are also highlighted. FAU - Askari, Esfandyar AU - Askari E AD - Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran P.O. Box 1517964311, Iran. FAU - Seyfoori, Amir AU - Seyfoori A AD - Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. FAU - Amereh, Meitham AU - Amereh M AD - Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. FAU - Gharaie, Sadaf Samimi AU - Gharaie SS AD - Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. FAU - Ghazali, Hanieh Sadat AU - Ghazali HS AD - Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran P.O. Box 16846-13114, Iran. FAU - Ghazali, Zahra Sadat AU - Ghazali ZS AD - Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT), Tehran P.O. Box 158754413, Iran. FAU - Khunjush, Bardia AU - Khunjush B AD - Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. FAU - Akbari, Mohsen AU - Akbari M AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2902-6557 AD - Laboratory for Innovations in Micro Engineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. AD - Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. AD - Center for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20200508 PL - Switzerland TA - Gels JT - Gels (Basel, Switzerland) JID - 101696925 PMC - PMC7345431 OTO - NOTNLM OT - drug delivery systems OT - hydrogel OT - implantable OT - injectable OT - sprayable COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. EDAT- 2020/05/14 06:00 MHDA- 2020/05/14 06:01 PMCR- 2020/05/08 CRDT- 2020/05/14 06:00 PHST- 2020/03/10 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/28 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/30 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/14 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/14 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/05/14 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/08 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - gels6020014 [pii] AID - gels-06-00014 [pii] AID - 10.3390/gels6020014 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Gels. 2020 May 8;6(2):14. doi: 10.3390/gels6020014.