PMID- 32398822
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200914
LR  - 20210213
IS  - 1759-5037 (Electronic)
IS  - 1759-5029 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 7
DP  - 2020 Jul
TI  - Pancreatic beta-cells in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: different pathways to 
      failure.
PG  - 349-362
LID - 10.1038/s41574-020-0355-7 [doi]
AB  - Loss of functional beta-cell mass is the key mechanism leading to the two main forms 
      of diabetes mellitus - type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM). Understanding the mechanisms behind beta-cell failure is critical 
      to prevent or revert disease. Basic pathogenic differences exist in the two forms 
      of diabetes mellitus; T1DM is immune mediated and T2DM is mediated by metabolic 
      mechanisms. These mechanisms differentially affect early beta-cell dysfunction and 
      eventual fate. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in the field, 
      mostly delivered by studies on beta-cells in human disease. These advances include 
      studies of islet morphology and human beta-cell gene expression in T1DM and T2DM, 
      the identification and characterization of the role of T1DM and T2DM candidate 
      genes at the beta-cell level and the endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling that 
      contributes to beta-cell failure in T1DM (mostly IRE1 driven) and T2DM (mostly 
      PERK-eIF2alpha dependent). Here, we review these new findings, focusing on studies 
      performed on human beta-cells or on samples obtained from patients with diabetes 
      mellitus.
FAU - Eizirik, Decio L
AU  - Eizirik DL
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2453-5889
AD  - ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Welbio Investigator, Medical Faculty, 
      Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. deizirik@ulb.ac.be.
AD  - Indiana Biosciences Research Institute (IBRI), Indianapolis, IN, USA. 
      deizirik@ulb.ac.be.
FAU - Pasquali, Lorenzo
AU  - Pasquali L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2423-1826
AD  - Endocrine Regulatory Genomics, Department of Experimental & Health Sciences, 
      University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. lorenzo.pasquali@upf.edu.
AD  - Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute, Badalona, 
      Spain. lorenzo.pasquali@upf.edu.
AD  - Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain. 
      lorenzo.pasquali@upf.edu.
FAU - Cnop, Miriam
AU  - Cnop M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5112-1692
AD  - ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 
      Belgium. mcnop@ulb.ac.be.
AD  - Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 
      Brussels, Belgium. mcnop@ulb.ac.be.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200512
PL  - England
TA  - Nat Rev Endocrinol
JT  - Nature reviews. Endocrinology
JID - 101500078
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/etiology/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology/pathology/*physiopathology
MH  - Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency/*etiology/physiopathology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology/*physiology
MH  - Signal Transduction/physiology
EDAT- 2020/05/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/09/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/05/14 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/09/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/s41574-020-0355-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41574-020-0355-7 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2020 Jul;16(7):349-362. doi: 10.1038/s41574-020-0355-7. Epub 
      2020 May 12.