PMID- 32413484 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210604 LR - 20210604 IS - 1096-1186 (Electronic) IS - 1043-6618 (Linking) VI - 158 DP - 2020 Aug TI - Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper modulates macrophage polarization and apoptotic cell clearance. PG - 104842 LID - S1043-6618(20)31150-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104842 [doi] AB - Macrophages are professional phagocytes that display remarkable plasticity, with a range of phenotypes that can be broadly characterized by the M1/M2 dichotomy. Glucocorticoid (GC)-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) is a protein known to mediate anti-inflammatory and some pro-resolving actions, including as neutrophil apoptosis. However, the role of GILZ in key macrophage function is not well understood. Here, we investigated the role of GILZ on macrophage reprogramming and efferocytosis. Using murine bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), we found that GILZ was expressed in naive BMDMs and exhibited increased expression in M2-like macrophages (IL4-differentiated). M1-like macrophages (IFN/LPS-differentiated) from GILZ(-/-) mice showed higher expression of the M1 markers CD86, MHC class II, iNOS, IL-6 and TNF-alpha, associated with increased levels of phosphorylated STAT1 and lower IL-10 levels, compared to M1-differentiated cells from WT mice. There were no changes in the M2 markers CD206 and arginase-1 in macrophages from GILZ(-/-) mice differentiated with IL-4, compared to cells from WT animals. Treatment of M1-like macrophages with TAT-GILZ, a cell-permeable GILZ fusion protein, decreased the levels of CD86 and MHC class II in M1-like macrophages without modifying CD206 levels in M2-like macrophages. In line with the in vitro data, increased numbers of M1-like macrophages were found into the pleural cavity of GILZ(-/-) mice after LPS-injection, compared to WT mice. Moreover, efferocytosis was defective in the context of GILZ deficiency, both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, treatment of LPS-injected mice with TAT-GILZ promoted inflammation resolution, associated with lower numbers of M1-like macrophages and increased efferocytosis. Collectively, these data indicate that GILZ is a regulator of important macrophage functions, contributing to macrophage reprogramming and efferocytosis, both key steps for the resolution of inflammation. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Vago, Juliana P AU - Vago JP AD - Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Rheumatology Group, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Galvao, Izabela AU - Galvao I AD - Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Negreiros-Lima, Graziele L AU - Negreiros-Lima GL AD - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Teixeira, Livia C R AU - Teixeira LCR AD - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Lima, Katia M AU - Lima KM AD - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Sugimoto, Michelle A AU - Sugimoto MA AD - Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Moreira, Isabella Z AU - Moreira IZ AD - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Jones, Sarah A AU - Jones SA AD - Rheumatology Group, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Lang, Tali AU - Lang T AD - Rheumatology Group, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Riccardi, Carlo AU - Riccardi C AD - Departament of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy. FAU - Teixeira, Mauro M AU - Teixeira MM AD - Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquimica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. FAU - Harris, James AU - Harris J AD - Rheumatology Group, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Morand, Eric F AU - Morand EF AD - Rheumatology Group, Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Victoria, Australia. FAU - Sousa, Lirlandia P AU - Sousa LP AD - Departamento de Analises Clinicas e Toxicologicas, Faculdade de Farmacia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address: lipsousa72@gmail.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200513 PL - Netherlands TA - Pharmacol Res JT - Pharmacological research JID - 8907422 RN - 0 (Dsip1 protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Glucocorticoids) RN - 0 (Lipopolysaccharides) RN - 0 (Transcription Factors) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis/*drug effects MH - Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects MH - Cell Migration Assays, Leukocyte MH - Cell Physiological Phenomena/drug effects MH - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects MH - Glucocorticoids/*pharmacology MH - Inflammation/chemically induced/pathology MH - Leukocyte Count MH - Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology MH - Macrophages/drug effects MH - Male MH - Mice MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Mice, Knockout MH - Pleural Cavity/cytology MH - Transcription Factors/*drug effects OTO - NOTNLM OT - Efferocytosis OT - GILZ OT - Macrophage reprogramming OT - Resolution of inflammation EDAT- 2020/05/16 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/05 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/16 06:00 PHST- 2019/11/13 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/04/07 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/04/14 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/16 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/05 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/16 06:00 [entrez] AID - S1043-6618(20)31150-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104842 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Pharmacol Res. 2020 Aug;158:104842. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104842. Epub 2020 May 13.