PMID- 32415153
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201207
LR  - 20240328
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 May 15
TI  - Pesticide Residues in Peri-Urban Bovine Milk from India and Risk Assessment: A 
      Multicenter Study.
PG  - 8054
LID - 10.1038/s41598-020-65030-z [doi]
LID - 8054
AB  - Pesticides residue poses serious concerns to human health. The present study was 
      carried out to determine the pesticide residues of peri-urban bovine milk 
      (n = 1183) from five different sites (Bangalore, Bhubaneswar, Guwahati, Ludhiana 
      and Udaipur) in India and dietary exposure risk assessment to adults and 
      children. Pesticide residues were estimated using gas chromatography with flame 
      thermionic and electron capture detectors followed by confirmation on gas 
      chromatography-mass spectrometer. The results noticed the contamination of milk 
      with hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), dichloro-diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), 
      endosulfan, cypermethrin, cyhalothrin, permethrin, chlorpyrifos, ethion and 
      profenophos pesticides. The residue levels in some of the milk samples were 
      observed to be higher than the respective maximum residue limits (MRLs) for 
      pesticide. Milk samples contamination was found highest in Bhubaneswar (11.2%) 
      followed by Bangalore (9.3%), Ludhiana (6.9%), Udaipur (6.4%) and Guwahati 
      (6.3%). The dietary risk assessment of pesticides under two scenarios i.e. 
      lower-bound scenario (LB) and upper-bound (UB) revealed that daily intake of 
      pesticides was substantially below the prescribed acceptable daily intake except 
      for fipronil in children at UB. The non-cancer risk by estimation of hazard index 
      (HI) was found to be below the target value of one in adults at all five sites in 
      India. However, for children at the UB level, the HI for lindane, DDT and ethion 
      exceeded the value of one in Ludhiana and Udaipur. Cancer risk for adults was 
      found to be in the recommended range of United States environment protection 
      agency (USEPA), while it exceeded the USEPA values for children.
FAU - Gill, J P S
AU  - Gill JPS
AD  - School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal 
      Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
FAU - Bedi, J S
AU  - Bedi JS
AD  - School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal 
      Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
FAU - Singh, Randhir
AU  - Singh R
AD  - School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal 
      Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
FAU - Fairoze, Mohd Nadeem
AU  - Fairoze MN
AD  - Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University, Nandinagar, 
      Bidar, 585 401, Karnataka, India.
FAU - Hazarika, R A
AU  - Hazarika RA
AD  - Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, 781 022, Assam, India.
FAU - Gaurav, Abhishek
AU  - Gaurav A
AD  - Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Veterinary University 
      Road, Near Deen Dayal Upadhyay Circle, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India.
FAU - Satpathy, Sudhir Kumar
AU  - Satpathy SK
AD  - KIIT School of Public Health, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha State, India.
FAU - Chauhan, Abhimanyu Singh
AU  - Chauhan AS
AD  - Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Gurugram, Haryana, India.
FAU - Lindahl, Johanna
AU  - Lindahl J
AD  - International Livestock Research Institute, Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya.
AD  - Zoonosis Science Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 23, Sweden.
AD  - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, 750 07, Sweden.
FAU - Grace, Delia
AU  - Grace D
AD  - International Livestock Research Institute, Box 30709, Nairobi, Kenya.
FAU - Kumar, Amit
AU  - Kumar A
AD  - School of Public Health and Zoonoses, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal 
      Sciences University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.
FAU - Kakkar, Manish
AU  - Kakkar M
AD  - Public Health Foundation of India, Plot 47, Sector 44, Gurugram, Haryana, India. 
      manish.kakkar@phfi.org.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Multicenter Study
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200515
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Pesticide Residues)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - *Food Analysis
MH  - Food Contamination/*analysis
MH  - Food Safety
MH  - Humans
MH  - India
MH  - Milk/*chemistry
MH  - Pesticide Residues/*analysis
MH  - Proportional Hazards Models
MH  - Risk Assessment
PMC - PMC7229043
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/05/18 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2020/05/15
CRDT- 2020/05/17 06:00
PHST- 2019/04/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/05/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/15 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-65030-z [pii]
AID - 65030 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-65030-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2020 May 15;10(1):8054. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65030-z.