PMID- 32448237
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201102
LR  - 20201102
IS  - 2662-7671 (Electronic)
IS  - 2662-7671 (Linking)
VI  - 20
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 May 24
TI  - Therapeutic effect of Arthrocnemum machrostachyum methanolic extract on Ehrlich 
      solid tumor in mice.
PG  - 153
LID - 10.1186/s12906-020-02947-y [doi]
LID - 153
AB  - BACKGROUND: The anti-cancer effect of the halophyte Arthrocnemum indicum, a 
      member of Arthrocnemum family of salt-tolerant plants, was evaluated against 
      colorectal cancer cell, CaCo2. However, the anti-cancer effect of another 
      halophyte Arthrocnemum machrostachyum was not investigated yet. Herein, the 
      anticancer effect of A. machrostachyum methanolic extract (AME) was evaluated 
      against Ehrlich solid tumor (EST) in mice and the potential mechanism of action 
      was also studied. METHODS: Male Swiss albino mice (n = 28) were randomly divided 
      into 4 groups (n = 7/group). Group 1 (negative control group); group 2 (EST) 
      injected intramuscularly by 0.2 mL Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma (2 x 10(6) cells); 
      and groups 3 and 4 injected intratumorally with AME (180 and 360 mg/kg body 
      weight, respectively) at D12 trice weekly for 2 weeks. Gene expression, protein 
      expression, DNA damage, and TNFa level in tumors were determined by real-time 
      PCR, western blot, comet assay, and Elisa, respectively. RESULTS: Treatment with 
      AME induced anti-tumor effects against EST as indicated by 1) notable reduction 
      in tumor size; 2) elevation in tissue necrosis and apoptosis, as confirmed 
      histologically; 3) increased DNA fragmentation; 4) decreased expression of the 
      apoptotic genes (p53, Bax and caspase 3), and increased expression of the 
      anti-apoptotic marker Bcl2; 5) significantly upregulated cell cycle regulatory 
      genes Cdc2 and connexin26, and; 6) decreased TNFa levels in tumor tissues. 
      Interestingly, a high dose of AME exhibited a more potent anti-tumor effect 
      against EST. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that AME has a potent antitumor 
      effect against EST and could be used as an adjuvant to anticancer drugs to combat 
      tumor, but after application of further confirmatory clinical trials.
FAU - Sharawi, Zeina W
AU  - Sharawi ZW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1887-1333
AD  - Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, 
      P.O Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia. Zsharawi@kau.edu.sa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200524
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Complement Med Ther
JT  - BMC complementary medicine and therapies
JID - 101761232
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - 0 (Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha)
RN  - Y4S76JWI15 (Methanol)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents/*pharmacology
MH  - Apoptosis/drug effects
MH  - Caco-2 Cells
MH  - Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/*drug therapy/genetics
MH  - Chenopodiaceae/chemistry
MH  - DNA Fragmentation/drug effects
MH  - Disease Models, Animal
MH  - Egypt
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Methanol
MH  - Mice
MH  - Plant Extracts/*pharmacology
MH  - Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/drug effects
PMC - PMC7245743
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apoptosis
OT  - Arthrocnemum machrostachyum
OT  - Ehrlich solid tumor
OT  - Inflammation
COIS- The authors report no conflicts of interest in this study.
EDAT- 2020/05/26 06:00
MHDA- 2020/11/03 06:00
PMCR- 2020/05/24
CRDT- 2020/05/26 06:00
PHST- 2019/12/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/05/26 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/05/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/11/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/24 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12906-020-02947-y [pii]
AID - 2947 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12906-020-02947-y [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 May 24;20(1):153. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-02947-y.