PMID- 32450181 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210713 LR - 20210713 IS - 1872-9711 (Electronic) IS - 0161-813X (Linking) VI - 79 DP - 2020 Jul TI - Concentrated ambient fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) exposure induce brain damage in pre and postnatal exposed mice. PG - 127-141 LID - S0161-813X(20)30084-X [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.004 [doi] AB - Air pollution is a public health concern that has been associated with adverse effects on the development and functions of the central nervous system (CNS). However, studies on the effects of exposure to pollutants on the CNS across the entire developmental period still remain scarce. In this study, we investigated the impacts of prenatal and/or postnatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) from Sao Paulo city, on the brain structure and behavior of juvenile male mice. BALB/c mice were exposed to PM(2.5) concentrated ambient particles (CAP) at a daily concentration of 600 mug/m(3) during the gestational [gestational day (GD) 1.5-18.5] and the postnatal periods [postnatal day (PND) 22-90] to filtered air (FA) in both periods (FA/FA), to CAP only in the postnatal period (FA/CAP), to CAP only in the gestational period (CAP/FA), and to CAP in both periods (CAP/CAP). Behavioral tests were performed when animals were at PND 30 and PND 90. Glial activation, brain volume, cortical neuron number, serotonergic and GABAergic receptors, as well as oxidative stress, were measured. Mice at PND 90 presented greater behavioral changes in the form of greater locomotor activity in the FA-CAP and CAP-CAP groups. In general, these same groups explored objects longer and the CAP-FA group presented anxiolytic behavior. There was no difference in total brain volume among groups, but a lower corpus callosum (CC) volume was observed in the CAP-FA group. Also, the CAP-CAP group presented an increase in microglia in the cortex and an increased in astrocytes in the cortex, CC, and C1A and dentate gyrus of hippocampus regions. Gene expression analysis showed a decrease in BDNF in the hippocampus of CAP-CAP group. Treatment of immortalized glial cells with non-cytotoxic doses of ambient PM(2.5) increased micronuclei frequencies, indicating genomic instability. These findings highlight the potential for negative neurodevelopmental outcomes induced by exposure to moderate levels of PM(2.5) in Sao Paulo city. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Di Domenico, Marlise AU - Di Domenico M AD - Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: marlisedidomenico@gmail.com. FAU - Benevenuto, Sarah Gomes de Menezes AU - Benevenuto SGM AD - Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Tomasini, Paula Pellenz AU - Tomasini PP AD - Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Yariwake, Victor Yuji AU - Yariwake VY AD - Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - de Oliveira Alves, Nilmara AU - de Oliveira Alves N AD - Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Rahmeier, Francine Luciano AU - Rahmeier FL AD - Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - da Cruz Fernandes, Marilda AU - da Cruz Fernandes M AD - Pathology Research Laboratory, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Moura, Dinara Jaqueline AU - Moura DJ AD - Laboratory of Genetic Toxicology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. FAU - Nascimento Saldiva, Paulo Hilario AU - Nascimento Saldiva PH AD - Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. FAU - Veras, Mariana Matera AU - Veras MM AD - Department of Pathology, LIM05-HCFMUSP, Laboratory of Experimental Air Pollution, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200523 PL - Netherlands TA - Neurotoxicology JT - Neurotoxicology JID - 7905589 RN - 0 (Bdnf protein, mouse) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Particulate Matter) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Behavior, Animal/drug effects MH - Brain/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics/metabolism MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Environmental Pollutants/*toxicity MH - Female MH - Gene Expression Regulation MH - Gestational Age MH - Male MH - Mice, Inbred BALB C MH - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective/chemically induced MH - Neuroglia/drug effects/metabolism/pathology MH - Oxidative Stress/drug effects MH - Particle Size MH - Particulate Matter/*toxicity MH - Pregnancy MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MH - Rats OTO - NOTNLM OT - Ambient particle matter OT - Behavior OT - Brain volume OT - Glial activation OT - Neurotoxicity COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2020/05/26 06:00 MHDA- 2021/07/14 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/26 06:00 PHST- 2019/12/07 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/18 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/05/20 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/26 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/07/14 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/05/26 06:00 [entrez] AID - S0161-813X(20)30084-X [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.004 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurotoxicology. 2020 Jul;79:127-141. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2020.05.004. Epub 2020 May 23.