PMID- 32462376 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210614 LR - 20210614 IS - 1436-5073 (Electronic) IS - 0026-3672 (Linking) VI - 187 IP - 6 DP - 2020 May 28 TI - Functionalized carbon quantum dots as fluorescent nanoprobe for determination of tetracyclines and cell imaging. PG - 351 LID - 10.1007/s00604-020-04328-1 [doi] AB - Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CQDs) with high fluorescent, water-soluble, low-toxicity properties were synthesized by microwave-assisted hydrothermal approach. The prepared N, S-CDs exhibited high selectivity in detection of tetracyclines (TCs) and displayed a fast-responsive fluorescence quenching signal in the mixture, which are mainly attributed to the inner filter effect (IFE). The synthesized N, S-CQDs are successfully used as a fluorescent nanoprobe for the determination of CTC in milk samples (with excitation/emission maxima at 373/424 nm). The limit of detection (LOD) is 71 ng mL(-1), and the recoveries of spiked samples range from 96 to 104% with a relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 2.7% (n = 3). Additionally, the cytotoxicity and optical imaging performance of N, S-CQDs were preliminarily evaluated. The results indicate the low-toxicity and good biocompatibility of the N, S-CQDs and their promising future as fluorescent-imaging agents in pharmaceutical analysis. Graphical Abstract Synthesis flowchart and application of nitrogen and sulfur dual-doped carbon quantum dots. FAU - Zhao, Na AU - Zhao N AD - School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China. FAU - Wang, Yang AU - Wang Y AD - School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China. FAU - Hou, Shanshan AU - Hou S AD - School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China. FAU - Zhao, Longshan AU - Zhao L AD - School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China. longshanzhao@163.com. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200528 PL - Austria TA - Mikrochim Acta JT - Mikrochimica acta JID - 7808782 RN - 0 (Fluorescent Dyes) RN - 0 (Tetracyclines) RN - 70FD1KFU70 (Sulfur) RN - 7440-44-0 (Carbon) RN - N762921K75 (Nitrogen) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Carbon/chemistry/toxicity MH - Cell Line, Tumor MH - Fluorescent Dyes/*chemistry/toxicity MH - Food Contamination/analysis MH - Humans MH - Limit of Detection MH - Microscopy, Confocal/methods MH - Microscopy, Fluorescence/methods MH - Milk/chemistry MH - Nitrogen/chemistry/toxicity MH - Quantum Dots/*chemistry/toxicity MH - Spectrometry, Fluorescence/methods MH - Sulfur/chemistry/toxicity MH - Tetracyclines/*analysis OTO - NOTNLM OT - Bioimage OT - Fluorescence assay OT - Inner filter effect OT - Quenching OT - S-CQDs EDAT- 2020/05/29 06:00 MHDA- 2021/06/16 06:00 CRDT- 2020/05/29 06:00 PHST- 2020/02/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/05/15 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/05/29 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/05/29 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/06/16 06:00 [medline] AID - 10.1007/s00604-020-04328-1 [pii] AID - 10.1007/s00604-020-04328-1 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Mikrochim Acta. 2020 May 28;187(6):351. doi: 10.1007/s00604-020-04328-1.