PMID- 32502845
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210728
LR  - 20210728
IS  - 1873-3379 (Electronic)
IS  - 0891-4222 (Linking)
VI  - 104
DP  - 2020 Sep
TI  - Do beliefs influence posttraumatic growth in fathers of children with 
      intellectual disabilities?
PG  - 103687
LID - S0891-4222(20)30117-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103687 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Although facing a child's intellectual disability (ID) is considered 
      to threaten paternal psychosocial wellbeing, in recent years there has also been 
      a burgeoning interest in positive contributions of raising children with ID, 
      including posttraumatic growth (PTG) in parents. METHOD: 142 fathers of children 
      with ID completed Polish versions of three inventories: The Post-traumatic Growth 
      Inventory (PTGI), Basic Hope Inventory (BHI), and General Self-Efficacy Scale 
      (GSES). The average child's age was 11.06 (range: 7-13 years). The stages of the 
      analysis included: descriptive statistics for posttraumatic growth (PTG), basic 
      hope (BH), and self-efficacy (GSE), correlation analysis and the Preacher and 
      Hayes procedure of bootstrapping to test whether GSE mediates the relationship 
      between BH and PTG. RESULTS: 85.91 % of fathers of children with ID experience 
      average or high levels of PTG with the highest scores in its two dimensions: 
      greater appreciation of life, and positive changes in relations with others. PTG 
      is significantly negatively related to a child's age. GSE is a significant 
      mediator of the relationship between BH and PTG (total score and all dimensions). 
      CONCLUSION: The importance of beliefs for experiencing positive changes as a 
      result of raising a child with disability may be useful in therapeutic and 
      supportive activities offered to fathers who experience difficulties in 
      fulfilling their paternal role.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Byra, Stanislawa
AU  - Byra S
AD  - Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Narutowicza 12, 20-004, Lublin, 
      Poland. Electronic address: stanislawa.byra@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl.
FAU - Cwirynkalo, Katarzyna
AU  - Cwirynkalo K
AD  - University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Zolnierska 14, 10-561, Olsztyn, 
      Poland. Electronic address: k.cwirynkalo@uwm.edu.pl.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200602
PL  - United States
TA  - Res Dev Disabil
JT  - Research in developmental disabilities
JID - 8709782
SB  - IM
MH  - Adaptation, Psychological
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - Child
MH  - Fathers
MH  - Hope
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Intellectual Disability
MH  - Male
MH  - *Posttraumatic Growth, Psychological
MH  - *Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Basic hope
OT  - Fathers
OT  - Intellectual disability
OT  - Posttraumatic growth
OT  - Self-efficacy
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare no potential conflicts of 
      interest with respect to the research, authorship and publication of this 
      manuscript.
EDAT- 2020/06/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/29 06:00
CRDT- 2020/06/06 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/29 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/06/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/06/06 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0891-4222(20)30117-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103687 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Res Dev Disabil. 2020 Sep;104:103687. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2020.103687. Epub 2020 
      Jun 2.