PMID- 32509983
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 2405-8440 (Print)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Electronic)
IS  - 2405-8440 (Linking)
VI  - 6
IP  - 5
DP  - 2020 May
TI  - Assessment of fatigue severity and neurocognitive functions in the real setting 
      of Ramadan in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PG  - e03997
LID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03997 [doi]
LID - e03997
AB  - OBJECTIVES: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is linked with a risk of dementia and 
      decline in neurocognitive function. The current observational case-control study 
      was conducted to evaluate the effect of fasting during Ramadan on cognitive 
      functions and fatigue severity in T2DM patients using the Cambridge 
      Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB). METHODS: This research was 
      conducted at King Saud University Medical city, on 82 subjects including 43 
      control and 39 T2DM patients of both genders. The standardized Fatigue Severity 
      Scale (FSS) and tests from CANTAB, including the Motor Screening Task (MOT), 
      Spatial Span (SSP) and Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift (IED) were recorded 
      during 3(rd) week and 2-3 weeks after Ramadan under controlled environmental 
      conditions. Neurocognitive functions were recorded through CANTAB. RESULTS: IED 
      errors (24.43 vs 50.73, p = 0.007), MOT mean and median latency (1466.32 vs 
      1120.27, p = 0.002) were significantly higher in T2DM than controls. IED stages 
      completed (7.43 vs 8.69, p = 0.003) and SSP Span length were significantly lower 
      in T2DM than controls (4.13 vs 4.82, p = 0.059). The significant differences 
      between T2DM patients and controls persisted in the post. T2DM patients made more 
      errors and completed less IED stages than did the controls, indicating that a 
      worsened flexibility of attention relative to controls. Moreover, T2DM patients 
      exhibited longer latencies in MOT, indicating poor motor performance. A 
      comparison of performances by T2DM patients on FSS and CANTAB during and after 
      Ramadan showed that fasting substantially increased fatigue scales, motor 
      performance, and working-memory capacity. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with T2DM have 
      impaired cognitive functions including poor motor performance, low flexibility of 
      attention, and poor working memory capacity compared to healthy control subjects 
      during and also in post Ramadan period. However, there is no clear statistical 
      evidence that the cognitive functions (except for SSP SL scores) and fatigue 
      severity of T2DM subjects differ between Ramadan and after Ramadan in both T2DM 
      and controls.
CI  - (c) 2020 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Alfahadi, Abdulrahman
AU  - Alfahadi A
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research 
      Centre, 12713, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Habib, Syed Shahid
AU  - Habib SS
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 
      11461, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Alharbi, Koloud
AU  - Alharbi K
AD  - College of Medicine, Ibn Sina National College, Jeddah, 22421, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Alturki, Deema
AU  - Alturki D
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research 
      Centre, 12713, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Alshamrani, Fatimah
AU  - Alshamrani F
AD  - Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 
      11461, Saudi Arabia.
FAU - Bashir, Shahid
AU  - Bashir S
AD  - Department of Neurophysiology, Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist 
      Hospital Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200530
PL  - England
TA  - Heliyon
JT  - Heliyon
JID - 101672560
PMC - PMC7264050
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CANTAB
OT  - Cognition
OT  - Fasting
OT  - Holy Ramadan
OT  - Neuroscience
OT  - Type 2 diabetes mellitus
EDAT- 2020/06/09 06:00
MHDA- 2020/06/09 06:01
PMCR- 2020/05/30
CRDT- 2020/06/09 06:00
PHST- 2019/04/14 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2019/12/12 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/06/09 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/06/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/06/09 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/05/30 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2405-8440(20)30841-0 [pii]
AID - e03997 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03997 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Heliyon. 2020 May 30;6(5):e03997. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03997. eCollection 
      2020 May.