PMID- 32552070
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210422
LR  - 20210422
IS  - 1477-0903 (Electronic)
IS  - 0960-3271 (Linking)
VI  - 39
IP  - 11
DP  - 2020 Nov
TI  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine causes retinal damage in C57BL/6J mice.
PG  - 1556-1564
LID - 10.1177/0960327120930253 [doi]
AB  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is a powerfully addictive 
      psychostimulant with pronounced effects on the central nervous system, but the 
      precise mechanism of MDMA-induced toxicity remains unclear, specifically on the 
      retina. This study was performed to investigate the effects of MDMA treatment on 
      the retina and explore the underlying mechanism. C57BL/6J mice were randomly 
      divided into control and MDMA groups. Mice were treated with MDMA at 
      progressively increasing doses (1-6 mg/kg) intraperitoneally 4 times per day. 
      Electroretinography was used to test the retinal function. Pathological changes 
      of the retina were examined by toluidine blue staining and terminal 
      deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling assay. 
      Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of cytokines 
      in the retina. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to 
      measure gene and protein expression in the retina, respectively. Our study showed 
      that MDMA treatment impaired retinal function and decreased retinal thickness. 
      MDMA treatment also increased transforming growth factor beta as well as 
      inflammatory factors in the retina. Moreover, MDMA treatment increased protein 
      expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and decreased tight junction 
      protein expression in the retina. Our study indicated that treatment of MDMA 
      caused retinal damage in C57BL/6J mice, associated with an increase of MMPs and a 
      decrease of tight junction proteins.
FAU - Ma, Y
AU  - Ma Y
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Bian, C
AU  - Bian C
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, People's 
      Republic of China.
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Tai'an, Tai'an, 
      People's Republic of China.
FAU - Song, D
AU  - Song D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8044-4415
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, People's 
      Republic of China.
FAU - Yao, G
AU  - Yao G
AD  - Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Tai'an, Tai'an, 
      People's Republic of China.
FAU - Nie, R
AU  - Nie R
AD  - Department of Geriatrics III, Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an, People's 
      Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200618
PL  - England
TA  - Hum Exp Toxicol
JT  - Human & experimental toxicology
JID - 9004560
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 0 (NF-kappa B)
RN  - 0 (Tight Junction Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.4.24.- (Matrix Metalloproteinases)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cytokines/metabolism
MH  - Electroretinography
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
MH  - Hallucinogens/*toxicity
MH  - Matrix Metalloproteinases/metabolism
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/*toxicity
MH  - NF-kappa B/metabolism
MH  - Retina/*drug effects/metabolism/pathology/physiology
MH  - Retinal Diseases/chemically induced/diagnosis/metabolism/pathology
MH  - Tight Junction Proteins/metabolism
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine
OT  - inflammatory responses
OT  - matrix metalloproteinase
OT  - retina
OT  - tight junction
EDAT- 2020/06/20 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/23 06:00
CRDT- 2020/06/20 06:00
PHST- 2020/06/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/23 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/06/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1177/0960327120930253 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Hum Exp Toxicol. 2020 Nov;39(11):1556-1564. doi: 10.1177/0960327120930253. Epub 
      2020 Jun 18.