PMID- 32559882
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20200710
LR  - 20200710
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 264
DP  - 2020 Sep
TI  - Mechanochemical degradation of perfluorohexane sulfonate: Synergistic effect of 
      ferrate(VI) and zero-valent iron.
PG  - 114789
LID - S0269-7491(20)30772-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114789 [doi]
AB  - Perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) has been newly recommended to be added into the 
      Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). As one of the major 
      perfluoroalkyl pollutants, its long half-time in human serum and neurotoxicity 
      are cause for significant concern. Although mechanochemical degradation has been 
      evaluated as a promising ecofriendly technology to treat pollutants, the 
      extraordinary stability of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) raises 
      harsh requirements for co-milling reagents. In the present study, zero-valent 
      iron (ZVI) and ferrate(VI) were for the first time used as the co-milling 
      reagents to degrade PFHxS. When ZVI and ferrate(VI) were used alone, both the 
      degradation and defluorination efficiencies were low. However, after milling at 
      the optimum ratio (ferrate(VI):ZVI = 1:2) for 4 h, the synergistic effect of ZVI 
      and ferrate(VI) resulted in almost complete degradation (100%) and defluorination 
      (95%). Two points can account for this excellent performance: (1) the 
      mechanochemical energy input in the system initiates and prominently promotes 
      related reactions; and (2) the active species generated from the reactions among 
      ZVI, ferrate(VI) and other high-valent iron species will accelerate the process 
      of electron transfer. The sulfonate group comprises the favorable attack sites, 
      as corroborated by both the identified intermediates and quantum chemical 
      calculations. The homolysis of the C-S bond is not only the triggering step, but 
      also the rate-limiting step. In summary, the present work confirms the 
      feasibility and underlying mechanism of the ZVI-ferrate(VI) co-milling system to 
      defluorinate PFHxS, which might be a promising technology to treat PFASs in solid 
      wastes.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Deng, Shanshan
AU  - Deng S
AD  - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control 
      (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control 
      (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
FAU - Bao, Yixiang
AU  - Bao Y
AD  - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control 
      (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control 
      (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
FAU - Cagnetta, Giovanni
AU  - Cagnetta G
AD  - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control 
      (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control 
      (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
FAU - Huang, Jun
AU  - Huang J
AD  - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control 
      (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control 
      (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China. 
      Electronic address: huangjun@tsinghua.edu.cn.
FAU - Yu, Gang
AU  - Yu G
AD  - State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control 
      (SKLESPC), Beijing Key Laboratory for Emerging Organic Contaminants Control 
      (BKLEOC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200519
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
RN  - 0 (Water Pollutants, Chemical)
RN  - 16836-06-9 (ferrate ion)
RN  - E1UOL152H7 (Iron)
RN  - FX3WJ41CMX (perflexane)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Fluorocarbons
MH  - Iron/analysis
MH  - Oxidation-Reduction
MH  - Water Pollutants, Chemical/*analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ball milling
OT  - Defluorination
OT  - Ferrate(VI)
OT  - Mechanism elucidation
OT  - PFHxS
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/06/21 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/11 06:00
CRDT- 2020/06/21 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/04/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/06/21 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/06/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/11 06:00 [medline]
AID - S0269-7491(20)30772-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114789 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2020 Sep;264:114789. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114789. Epub 2020 
      May 19.