PMID- 32602943
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210503
LR  - 20210503
IS  - 1556-4029 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-1198 (Linking)
VI  - 65
IP  - 6
DP  - 2020 Nov
TI  - Development of a Pencil Drawn Paper-based Analytical Device to Detect Lysergic 
      Acid Diethylamide (LSD)*(,) dagger.
PG  - 2121-2128
LID - 10.1111/1556-4029.14494 [doi]
AB  - The need for agile and proper identification of drugs of abuse has encouraged the 
      scientific community to improve and to develop new methodologies. The drug 
      lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is still widely used due to its hallucinogenic 
      effects. The use of voltammetric methods to analyze narcotics has increased in 
      recent years, and the possibility of miniaturizing the electrochemical equipment 
      allows these methods to be applied outside the laboratory; for example, in crime 
      scenes. In addition to portability, the search for affordable and sustainable 
      materials for use in electroanalytical research has grown in recent decades. In 
      this context, employing paper substrate, graphite pencil, and silver paint to 
      construct paper-based electrodes is a great alternative. Here, a paper-based 
      device comprising three electrodes was drawn on 300 g/m(2) watercolor paper with 
      8B pencils, and its efficiency was compared to the efficiency of a commercially 
      available screen-printed carbon electrode. Square wave voltammetry was used for 
      LSD analysis in aqueous medium containing 0.05 mol/L LiClO(4) . The limits of 
      detection and quantification were 0.38 and 1.27 mumol/L, respectively. Both 
      electrodes exhibited a similar voltammetric response, which was also confirmed 
      during analysis of a seized LSD sample, with recovery of less than 10%. The 
      seized samples were previously analyzed by GCMS technique, employing the full 
      scan spectra against the software spectral library. The electrode selectivity was 
      also tested against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine. 
      It was possible to differentiate these compounds from LSD, indicating that the 
      developed paper-based device has potential application in forensic chemistry 
      analyses.
CI  - (c) 2020 American Academy of Forensic Sciences.
FAU - Ribeiro, Maria Fernanda M
AU  - Ribeiro MFM
AD  - Universidade de Sao Paulo, USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 3900, 
      Brazil.
FAU - Bento, Fatima
AU  - Bento F
AD  - Centro de Quimica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, 4710 - 057, 
      Portugal.
FAU - Ipolito, Antonio J
AU  - Ipolito AJ
AD  - Superintendencia Policia Tecnica Cientifica, SPTC, Rua Sao Sebastiao, Ribeirao 
      Preto, SP, 1339, Brazil.
FAU - de Oliveira, Marcelo F
AU  - de Oliveira MF
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0858-2044
AD  - Universidade de Sao Paulo, USP, Avenida Bandeirantes, Ribeirao Preto, SP, 3900, 
      Brazil.
LA  - eng
GR  - 2016/23825-3/Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/
GR  - (UID/QUI/00686/2016/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/
GR  - UID/QUI/00686/2019/Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia/
GR  - 25/2014/Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior/
GR  - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200630
PL  - United States
TA  - J Forensic Sci
JT  - Journal of forensic sciences
JID - 0375370
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 44RAL3456C (Methamphetamine)
RN  - 8NA5SWF92O (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Electrochemistry/*instrumentation
MH  - *Electrodes
MH  - Forensic Toxicology/instrumentation
MH  - Hallucinogens/*analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Limit of Detection
MH  - Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/*analysis
MH  - Methamphetamine/isolation & purification
MH  - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/isolation & purification
MH  - *Paper
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - LSD
OT  - electrochemistry
OT  - forensic chemistry
OT  - paper-based electrodes
OT  - screen-printed electrode
OT  - voltammetry
EDAT- 2020/07/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/04 06:00
CRDT- 2020/07/01 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/05/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/04 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/07/01 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/1556-4029.14494 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Forensic Sci. 2020 Nov;65(6):2121-2128. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14494. Epub 2020 
      Jun 30.