PMID- 32606875
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220415
IS  - 1178-7007 (Print)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Electronic)
IS  - 1178-7007 (Linking)
VI  - 13
DP  - 2020
TI  - Activation of Nrf2 Signaling by Apelin Attenuates Renal Ischemia Reperfusion 
      Injury in Diabetic Rats.
PG  - 2169-2177
LID - 10.2147/DMSO.S246743 [doi]
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is commonly seen in diabetic 
      patients. Apelin has been demonstrated to protect against renal I/R injury, 
      whereas detailed modulatory mechanisms by which Apelin exerts its role in renal 
      I/R injury in diabetic patients remain unclarified. This research aimed to probe 
      the functional molecules under the regulation of Apelin in renal I/R injury in 
      diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: First, animal models were established for 
      subsequent assays. Biochemical kits measured the serum levels of blood urea 
      nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (SCR), and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) 
      staining examined the histopathological changes of kidney tissues. Inflammatory 
      factors containing tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), 
      interleukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were tested 
      through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse 
      transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. 
      Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the serum and kidney tissues were 
      separately assessed by specific ROS kits. Cell apoptosis was further estimated 
      through terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling 
      (TUNEL) and Western blot analysis. Eventually, the influences of Apelin on 
      nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and its downstream genes were 
      explored via Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: In 
      the present study, Apelin ameliorated the damage to renal function and 
      histological structure, decreased levels of inflammatory factors and ROS, and 
      hampered cell apoptosis in renal I/R injury of diabetic rats. Moreover, Apelin 
      could elevate the levels of Nrf2 and downstream genes which were decreased under 
      renal I/R injury. CONCLUSION: These data indicated that Apelin inhibited renal 
      I/R injury through regulating Nrf2 signaling in diabetic rats, which might shed 
      new light on the treatment of renal I/R injury in diabetic patients.
CI  - (c) 2020 Zhang et al.
FAU - Zhang, Xiaobo
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - Nephrology Department, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing 
      Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province 223300, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Zhu, Ying
AU  - Zhu Y
AD  - Nephrology Department, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing 
      Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province 223300, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Zhou, Ying
AU  - Zhou Y
AD  - Nephrology Department, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing 
      Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province 223300, People's Republic of China.
FAU - Fei, Bingru
AU  - Fei B
AD  - Nephrology Department, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing 
      Medical University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province 223300, People's Republic of China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200623
PL  - New Zealand
TA  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
JT  - Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy
JID - 101515585
PMC - PMC7320893
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Apelin
OT  - Nrf2 signaling
OT  - diabetes
OT  - renal ischemia/reperfusion injury
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/07/02 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/02 06:01
PMCR- 2020/06/23
CRDT- 2020/07/02 06:00
PHST- 2020/01/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/03/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/02 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/07/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/02 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/06/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 246743 [pii]
AID - 10.2147/DMSO.S246743 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Jun 23;13:2169-2177. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S246743. 
      eCollection 2020.