PMID- 32625175
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1664-302X (Print)
IS  - 1664-302X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-302X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2020
TI  - Antifungal Effects of Volatiles Produced by Bacillus subtilis Against Alternaria 
      solani in Potato.
PG  - 1196
LID - 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01196 [doi]
LID - 1196
AB  - Antifungal activities of plant-beneficial Bacillus have been widely studied in 
      recent years. Numerous studies have studied the antifungal mechanisms of soluble 
      non-volatile bioactive compounds such as lipopeptides and proteins produced by 
      Bacillus against soil-borne diseases. However, the antagonistic mechanisms of 
      volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from Bacillus against airborne phytopathogens 
      are still largely unknown, and the function of Alternaria solani pathogenic genes 
      has not been well identified. Here, we first isolated a Bacillus strain with 
      strong antifungal activity and finally identified it as B. subtilis ZD01. Then, 
      the antagonistic mechanisms of VOCs produced by strain ZD01, against A. solani, 
      an airborne fungal pathogen that can cause early blight diseases of potato, were 
      studied. We showed that VOCs produced by strain ZD01 can reduce the colony size 
      and mycelial penetration and can cause serious morphological changes of A. 
      solani. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation showed that VOCs released 
      by ZD01 could cause more flaccid and gapped hyphae of A. solani. Also, we found 
      that VOCs produced by ZD01 can inhibit the conidia germination and reduce the 
      lesion areas and number of A. solani in vivo significantly. Meanwhile, based on 
      gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis, 29 volatile compounds 
      produced by strain ZD01 were identified. Out of 29 identified VOCs, 9 VOCs showed 
      complete growth inhibition activities against A. solani. Moreover, we identified 
      two virulence-associated genes (slt2 and sod) in A. solani. slt2 is a key gene 
      that regulates the mycelial growth, penetration, sporulation, and virulence in 
      vivo in A. solani. In addition, sod plays a significant role in the SOD synthetic 
      pathway in A. solani. Results from qRT-PCR showed that the transcriptional 
      expression of these two genes was down-regulated after being treated by VOCs 
      produced by ZD01. These results are useful for a better understanding of the 
      biocontrol mechanism of Bacillus and offer a potential method for potato early 
      blight disease control.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Zhang, Yu, Yang, Zhang, Zhao, Pan, Fan, Yang and Zhu.
FAU - Zhang, Dai
AU  - Zhang D
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Yu, Shuiqing
AU  - Yu S
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Yang, Yiqing
AU  - Yang Y
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Zhang, Jinglin
AU  - Zhang J
AD  - Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Technology and Business 
      University, Beijing, China.
FAU - Zhao, Dongmei
AU  - Zhao D
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Pan, Yang
AU  - Pan Y
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Fan, Shasha
AU  - Fan S
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Yang, Zhihui
AU  - Yang Z
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
FAU - Zhu, Jiehua
AU  - Zhu J
AD  - College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200617
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Microbiol
JT  - Frontiers in microbiology
JID - 101548977
PMC - PMC7311636
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alternaria solani
OT  - Bacillus subtilis
OT  - airborne phytopathogens
OT  - antifungal activity
OT  - volatile organic compounds
EDAT- 2020/07/07 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/07 06:01
PMCR- 2020/06/17
CRDT- 2020/07/07 06:00
PHST- 2020/03/24 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/05/12 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/07/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/07 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/06/17 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01196 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Microbiol. 2020 Jun 17;11:1196. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01196. eCollection 
      2020.