PMID- 32670822
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 2225-4110 (Print)
IS  - 2225-4110 (Electronic)
IS  - 2225-4110 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 3
DP  - 2020 May
TI  - The synergistic effect of Citrus bergamia and Cynara cardunculus extracts on 
      vascular inflammation and oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
PG  - 268-274
LID - 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.02.004 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIM: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) represents a risk 
      factor for cardiovascular diseases. NAFLD is worsened by the simultaneous 
      occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causing an enhancement of 
      inflammatory and fibrotic processes. Although insulin resistance appears the link 
      between NAFLD and T2DM, current pharmacological treatments of T2DM failed to 
      produce relevant benefits in preventing T2DM-related liver dysfunction. In this 
      randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, we evaluated the 
      effect of Bergacyn, an innovative formulation originating from the combination of 
      Bergamot Polyphenolic Fraction (BPF) and Cynara cardunculus (CyC). EXPERIMENTAL 
      PROCEDURE: 80 adult patients with a history of at least 12 months of T2DM and 
      NAFLD received orally BPF (300 mg/daily) Cyc (300 mg/daily), separately or 
      formulated in combination 50/50% (Bergacyn; 300 mg/daily), or placebo all 
      containing 300 mg of bergamot albedo fibers micronized and co-grinded as 
      excipients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serum measurements and liver ultrasound 
      analyses showed that concomitant administration of BPF and CyC produced 
      significant improvement of NAFLD biomarkers in patients with T2DM. This effect 
      was associated with a substantial reduction of oxidative stress/inflammatory 
      biomarkers, thus contributing to a significant improvement of NO-mediated 
      reactive vasodilation. Furthermore, the effect of Bergacyn showed a synergistic 
      effect of both extracts, thus suggesting that this peculiar formulation 
      represents a novel therapeutic strategy to counteract vascular inflammation and 
      endothelial dysfunction in patients suffering from T2DM and NAFLD. Further 
      studies in larger cohort of diabetic patients are required to better identify the 
      potential of Bergacyn on metabolic disorders accompanying T2DM and NAFLD.
CI  - (c) 2020 Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University. Production 
      and hosting by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.
FAU - Musolino, Vincenzo
AU  - Musolino V
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Gliozzi, Micaela
AU  - Gliozzi M
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Bombardelli, Ezio
AU  - Bombardelli E
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Nucera, Saverio
AU  - Nucera S
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Carresi, Cristina
AU  - Carresi C
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Maiuolo, Jessica
AU  - Maiuolo J
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Mollace, Rocco
AU  - Mollace R
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Paone, Sara
AU  - Paone S
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Bosco, Francesca
AU  - Bosco F
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Scarano, Federica
AU  - Scarano F
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Scicchitano, Miriam
AU  - Scicchitano M
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Macri, Roberta
AU  - Macri R
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Ruga, Stefano
AU  - Ruga S
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Zito, Maria Caterina
AU  - Zito MC
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Palma, Ernesto
AU  - Palma E
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Gratteri, Santo
AU  - Gratteri S
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Ragusa, Monica
AU  - Ragusa M
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
FAU - Volterrani, Maurizio
AU  - Volterrani M
AD  - San Raffaele IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Fini, Massimo
AU  - Fini M
AD  - San Raffaele IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
FAU - Mollace, Vincenzo
AU  - Mollace V
AD  - Institute of Research for Food Safety & Health, Department of Health Sciences, 
      University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Nutramed Scarl and, Italy.
AD  - San Raffaele IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200208
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Tradit Complement Med
JT  - Journal of traditional and complementary medicine
JID - 101605474
PMC - PMC7340872
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Bergamot polyphenols
OT  - Cynaropicrin
OT  - Endothelial impairment
OT  - NAFLD
OT  - T2DM
OT  - Vascular injury
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/07/17 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/17 06:01
PMCR- 2020/02/08
CRDT- 2020/07/17 06:00
PHST- 2019/12/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/02/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/17 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/07/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/17 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2225-4110(19)31244-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.02.004 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Tradit Complement Med. 2020 Feb 8;10(3):268-274. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jtcme.2020.02.004. eCollection 2020 May.