PMID- 32693732 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211015 LR - 20211015 IS - 1568-5624 (Electronic) IS - 0920-5063 (Linking) VI - 31 IP - 17 DP - 2020 Dec TI - IL-4 functionalized titanium dioxide nanotubes modulate the inflammatory response of macrophages. PG - 2238-2251 LID - 10.1080/09205063.2020.1799534 [doi] AB - Inflammatory response is an essential part of optimal tissue-implant integration and the regeneration process. Due to their highly plastic properties, macrophages display phenotypic changes during inflammatory signaling. Investigating these changes on implant surfaces is essential for evaluating implant stability and longevity. In order to control macrophage polarization, IL-4 was conjugated to titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) through polydopamine, and successful fabrication was checked by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle, respectively. In vitro experiments including immunofluorescence staining, cell proliferation, the expression of genes associated with pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-18 (IL-18)) and cytokines related to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype (IL-4 and IL-10), and the production of nitric oxide (NO) and cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-10 were detected. Macrophage response showed that IL-4 functionalized TNTs favored macrophage polarization towards an anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype. This study provides a new strategy for use in medical devices and the development of advanced nano-biomaterials in immunotherapy applications. FAU - Yan, Xufeng AU - Yan X AD - Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China. AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Shen, Ke AU - Shen K AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Tang, Qiang AU - Tang Q AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Fang, Xingtang AU - Fang X AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhang, Chunlei AU - Zhang C AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. FAU - Zhu, Zhaojing AU - Zhu Z AD - Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China. FAU - Hou, Yanhua AU - Hou Y AD - Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing, China. FAU - Lai, Min AU - Lai M AD - School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20200810 PL - England TA - J Biomater Sci Polym Ed JT - Journal of biomaterials science. Polymer edition JID - 9007393 RN - 15FIX9V2JP (titanium dioxide) RN - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4) RN - D1JT611TNE (Titanium) SB - IM MH - *Interleukin-4 MH - Macrophages MH - *Nanotubes MH - Surface Properties MH - Titanium OTO - NOTNLM OT - IL-4 OT - inflammatory OT - macrophage OT - polarization OT - titanium dioxide nanotubes EDAT- 2020/07/23 06:00 MHDA- 2021/10/16 06:00 CRDT- 2020/07/23 06:00 PHST- 2020/07/23 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/10/16 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2020/07/23 06:00 [entrez] AID - 10.1080/09205063.2020.1799534 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2020 Dec;31(17):2238-2251. doi: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1799534. Epub 2020 Aug 10.