PMID- 32706987
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210920
LR  - 20230113
IS  - 1205-7541 (Electronic)
IS  - 0008-4212 (Linking)
VI  - 99
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Gut microbiota and the periodontal disease: role of hyperhomocysteinemia.
PG  - 9-17
LID - 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0215 [doi]
AB  - Periodontal disease is one of the most common conditions resulting from poor oral 
      hygiene and is characterized by a destructive process in the periodontium that 
      essentially includes gingiva, alveolar mucosa, cementum, periodontal ligament, 
      and alveolar bone. Notably, the destructive event in the alveolar bone has been 
      linked to homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism; however, it has not been fully 
      investigated. Therefore; the implication of Hcy towards initiation, progression, 
      and maintenance of the periodontal disease remains incompletely understood. 
      Higher levels of Hcy (also known as hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy)) exerts 
      deleterious effects on gum health and teeth in distinct ways. Firstly, increased 
      production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, and IL-8 
      leads to an inflammatory cascade of events that affect methionine (Met) and Hcy 
      metabolism (i.e., 1-carbon metabolism) leading to HHcy. Secondly, metabolic 
      dysregulation during chronic medical conditions increases systemic inflammation 
      leading to a decrease in vitamins, more specifically B6, B12, and folic acid, 
      that play important roles as cofactors in Hcy metabolism. Also, given the folate 
      level in the HHcy state that is important during dysbiosis, these two conditions 
      appear to be intimately related, and in this context, HHcy-induced dysbiosis may 
      be one of the potential causes of periodontal disease. This paper sums up the 
      link between periodontitis and HHcy, with a special emphasis on the "oral-gut 
      microbiome axis" and the potential probiotic intervention towards warding off 
      some of the serious periodontal disease conditions.
FAU - Stanisic, Dragana
AU  - Stanisic D
AD  - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 
      Kragujevac, Serbia.
FAU - Jovanovic, Milica
AU  - Jovanovic M
AD  - Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 
      Kragujevac, Serbia.
FAU - George, Akash K
AU  - George AK
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 
      Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
FAU - Homme, Rubens P
AU  - Homme RP
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 
      Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
FAU - Tyagi, Neetu
AU  - Tyagi N
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 
      Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
FAU - Singh, Mahavir
AU  - Singh M
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 
      Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
FAU - Tyagi, Suresh C
AU  - Tyagi SC
AD  - Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 
      Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AR071789/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200724
PL  - Canada
TA  - Can J Physiol Pharmacol
JT  - Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
JID - 0372712
RN  - 0LVT1QZ0BA (Homocysteine)
RN  - 935E97BOY8 (Folic Acid)
RN  - AE28F7PNPL (Methionine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Dysbiosis/blood/*complications/immunology/microbiology
MH  - Folic Acid/blood/metabolism
MH  - Gastrointestinal Microbiome/*physiology
MH  - Homocysteine/blood/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperhomocysteinemia/blood/*immunology/metabolism
MH  - Methionine/metabolism
MH  - Periodontitis/blood/*immunology/metabolism
MH  - Probiotics
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 1-carbon metabolism
OT  - bone resorption
OT  - dysbiose
OT  - dysbiosis
OT  - homocysteine
OT  - homocysteine
OT  - metabolisme du 1-carbone
OT  - probiotics
OT  - probiotiques
OT  - resorption osseuse
EDAT- 2020/07/25 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/21 06:00
CRDT- 2020/07/25 06:00
PHST- 2020/07/25 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/07/25 06:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0215 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Jan;99(1):9-17. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0215. Epub 
      2020 Jul 24.