PMID- 32726975
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 2218-1989 (Print)
IS  - 2218-1989 (Electronic)
IS  - 2218-1989 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 8
DP  - 2020 Jul 27
TI  - Comparative Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of the Psychostimulants 
      3,4-Methylenedioxy-Methamphetamine (MDMA), Amphetamine, and the Novel 
      Psychoactive Substance Mephedrone after Controlled Drug Administration to Humans.
LID - 10.3390/metabo10080306 [doi]
LID - 306
AB  - Psychoactive stimulants are a popular drug class which are used recreationally. 
      Over the last decade, large numbers of new psychoactive substances (NPS) have 
      entered the drug market and these pose a worldwide problem to human health. 
      Metabolomics approaches are useful tools for simultaneous detection of endogenous 
      metabolites affected by drug use. They allow identification of pathways or 
      characteristic metabolites, which might support the understanding of 
      pharmacological actions or act as indirect biomarkers of consumption behavior or 
      analytical detectability. Herein, we performed a comparative metabolic profiling 
      of three psychoactive stimulant drugs 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 
      amphetamine and the NPS mephedrone by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass 
      spectrometry (LC-HRMS) in order to identify common pathways or compounds. Plasma 
      samples were obtained from controlled administration studies to humans. Various 
      metabolites were identified as increased or decreased based on drug intake, 
      mainly belonging to energy metabolism, steroid biosynthesis and amino acids. 
      Linoleic acid and pregnenolone-sulfate changed similarly in response to intake of 
      all drugs. Overall, mephedrone produced a profile more similar to that of 
      amphetamine than MDMA in terms of affected energy metabolism. These data can 
      provide the basis for further in-depth targeted metabolome studies on 
      pharmacological actions and search for biomarkers of drug use.
FAU - Steuer, Andrea E
AU  - Steuer AE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8983-2353
AD  - Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic 
      Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Kaelin, Daria
AU  - Kaelin D
AD  - Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic 
      Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Boxler, Martina I
AU  - Boxler MI
AD  - Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic 
      Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Eisenbeiss, Lisa
AU  - Eisenbeiss L
AD  - Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic 
      Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
FAU - Holze, Friederike
AU  - Holze F
AD  - Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, Division of 
      Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of 
      Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Vizeli, Patrick
AU  - Vizeli P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5954-4446
AD  - Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, Division of 
      Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of 
      Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Czerwinska, Joanna
AU  - Czerwinska J
AD  - King's Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, 
      King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
FAU - Dargan, Paul I
AU  - Dargan PI
AD  - Clinical Toxicology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation NHS Trust, London SE1 
      9RT, UK.
AD  - Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College 
      London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
FAU - Abbate, Vincenzo
AU  - Abbate V
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3300-0520
AD  - King's Forensics, Department of Analytical, Environmental and Forensic Sciences, 
      King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK.
FAU - Liechti, Matthias E
AU  - Liechti ME
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1765-9659
AD  - Department of Biomedicine and Department of Clinical Research, Division of 
      Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, University of 
      Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Kraemer, Thomas
AU  - Kraemer T
AD  - Department of Forensic Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zurich Institute of Forensic 
      Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
GR  - 320030_170249/Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Forderung der Wissenschaftlichen 
      Forschung/
GR  - BB/M014940/1/BB_/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United 
      Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200727
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Metabolites
JT  - Metabolites
JID - 101578790
PMC - PMC7465486
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - LC-HRMS
OT  - MDMA
OT  - amphetamine
OT  - mephedrone
OT  - psychoactive stimulants
OT  - untargeted metabolomics
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the 
      design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in 
      the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2020/07/31 06:00
MHDA- 2020/07/31 06:01
PMCR- 2020/08/01
CRDT- 2020/07/31 06:00
PHST- 2020/06/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/06 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/07/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/07/31 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/07/31 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - metabo10080306 [pii]
AID - metabolites-10-00306 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/metabo10080306 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Metabolites. 2020 Jul 27;10(8):306. doi: 10.3390/metabo10080306.