PMID- 32743523
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20231111
IS  - 2589-9090 (Electronic)
IS  - 2589-9090 (Linking)
VI  - 3
DP  - 2020
TI  - Urinary biomarkers in lupus nephritis.
PG  - 100042
LID - 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100042 [doi]
LID - 100042
AB  - Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical autoimmune disease that 
      can affect any organ of the body. Multiple mechanisms may contribute to the 
      pathophysiology of systemic lupus, including failure to remove apoptotic bodies, 
      hyperactivity of self-reactive B and T lymphocytes, abnormal exposure to 
      autoantigens, and increased levels of B-cell stimulatory cytokines. The 
      involvement of the kidney, called lupus nephritis (LN), during the course of the 
      disease affects between 30% and 60% of adult SLE patients, and up to 70% of 
      children. LN is an immune-mediated glomerulonephritis that is a common and 
      serious finding in patients with SLE. Nowadays, renal biopsy is considered the 
      gold standard for classifying LN, besides its degree of activity or chronicity. 
      Nevertheless, renal biopsy lacks the ability to predict which patients will 
      respond to immunosuppressive therapy and is a costly and risky procedure that is 
      not practical in the monitoring of LN because serial repetitions would be 
      necessary. Consequently, many serum and urinary biomarkers have been studied in 
      SLE patients for the complementary study of LN, existing conventional biomarkers 
      like proteinuria, protein/creatinine ratio in spot urine, 24 ​h urine 
      proteinuria, creatinine clearance, among others and non-conventional biomarkers, 
      like Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), have been correlated with the 
      histological findings of the different types of LN. In this article, we review 
      the advances in lupus nephritis urinary biomarkers. Such markers ideally should 
      be capable of predicting early sub-clinical flares and could be used to follow 
      response to therapy. In addition, some of these markers have been found to be 
      involved in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
CI  - (c) 2020 The Authors.
FAU - Aragon, Cristian C
AU  - Aragon CC
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
FAU - Tafur, Raul-Alejandro
AU  - Tafur RA
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
AD  - Universidad Icesi, Medical School, Cali, Colombia.
FAU - Suarez-Avellaneda, Ana
AU  - Suarez-Avellaneda A
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
FAU - Martinez, Md Tatiana
AU  - Martinez MT
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
AD  - Universidad Icesi, Medical School, Cali, Colombia.
FAU - Salas, Alejandra de Las
AU  - Salas AL
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
AD  - Universidad Icesi, Medical School, Cali, Colombia.
FAU - Tobon, Gabriel J
AU  - Tobon GJ
AD  - GIRAT: Grupo de Investigacion en Reumatologia, Autoinmunidad y Medicina 
      Traslacional, Fundacion Valle Del Lili and Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200213
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Transl Autoimmun
JT  - Journal of translational autoimmunity
JID - 101759413
PMC - PMC7388339
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adhesion molecules
OT  - Chemokine
OT  - Cytokines
OT  - Lupus biomarkers
OT  - Lupus nephritis
OT  - Non-invasive biomarkers
OT  - Protein biomarkers
OT  - Proteomics
OT  - Renal injury
OT  - Systemic lupus erythematosus
OT  - Urinary biomarkers
OT  - Urine analyte
COIS- The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or 
      personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in 
      this paper.
EDAT- 2020/08/04 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/04 06:01
PMCR- 2020/02/13
CRDT- 2020/08/04 06:00
PHST- 2019/06/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/07 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/04 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/02/13 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2589-9090(20)30009-5 [pii]
AID - 100042 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100042 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - J Transl Autoimmun. 2020 Feb 13;3:100042. doi: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2020.100042. 
      eCollection 2020.