PMID- 32753633
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201208
LR  - 20210804
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020 Aug 4
TI  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection induces endoplasmic 
      reticulum stress, facilitates virus replication, and contributes to autophagy and 
      apoptosis.
PG  - 13131
LID - 10.1038/s41598-020-69959-z [doi]
LID - 13131
AB  - During viral infection, the host cell synthesizes high amounts of viral proteins, 
      which often causes stress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). To manage abnormal 
      ER stress, mammalian cells trigger a response called the unfolded protein 
      response (UPR). Previous studies have indicated that porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an Arterivirus that has been devastating the 
      swine industry worldwide, can induce ER stress and activate UPR, however, the 
      activation pathways and the biological significance requires further 
      investigation. In this study, we demonstrated that, among the three types of UPR 
      pathways, PRRSV infection induced PERK and IRE1 pathways, but not the ATF6 
      pathway. Furthermore, the induction of UPR promoted PRRSV replication. We also 
      found that PRRSV-induced UPR, particularly the PERK pathway, was involved in the 
      induction of autophagy, a cellular degradation process that can alleviate cell 
      stress. Besides, we also provided insights into the ER stress-mediated apoptosis 
      in response to PRRSV infection. PRRSV infection induced the expression of the 
      transcription factor CHOP, which activated caspase 3 and PARP led to ER 
      stress-mediated apoptosis. Using 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) to inhibit autophagy, the 
      increased ER stress and cell apoptosis were observed in the PRRSV infected cell. 
      Taken together, our results revealed the associations of ER stress, autophagy, 
      and apoptosis during PRRSV infection, helping us to further understand how PRRSV 
      interacts with host cells.
FAU - Chen, Quangang
AU  - Chen Q
AD  - School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
FAU - Men, Yanjuan
AU  - Men Y
AD  - School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
FAU - Wang, Dang
AU  - Wang D
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Xu, Deqin
AU  - Xu D
AD  - Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 
      Xuzhou, 221004, China.
FAU - Liu, Suyan
AU  - Liu S
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Xiao, Shaobo
AU  - Xiao S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0023-9188
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, 
      China.
FAU - Fang, Liurong
AU  - Fang L
AD  - State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary 
      Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. 
      fanglr@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
AD  - Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The 
      Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, 430070, 
      China. fanglr@mail.hzau.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
GR  - BK20170251/Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu province/International
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200804
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - *Apoptosis
MH  - *Autophagy
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - *Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*metabolism
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/*physiology
MH  - Swine
MH  - *Virus Replication
PMC - PMC7403369
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2020/08/06 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
PMCR- 2020/08/04
CRDT- 2020/08/06 06:00
PHST- 2020/02/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/16 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/06 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/04 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-69959-z [pii]
AID - 69959 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-020-69959-z [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 4;10(1):13131. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69959-z.