PMID- 32784574
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20200928
IS  - 1996-1944 (Print)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Electronic)
IS  - 1996-1944 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 16
DP  - 2020 Aug 7
TI  - Silane Treatment as an Effective Way of Improving the Reinforcing Activity of 
      Carbon Nanofibers in Nitrile Rubber Composites.
LID - 10.3390/ma13163481 [doi]
LID - 3481
AB  - Two different silane treatment methods were used to improve the reinforcing 
      activity of carbon nanofibers (CNF) in acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) 
      composites. The first method was chemical silanization with 
      [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane (APTS) in ethanol solution, 
      preceded by oxidation of the CNF with H(2)SO(4)/HNO(3). The second method was 
      direct incorporation of silanes during preparation of the composites (in-situ 
      silanization). Three different silane coupling agents were used: 
      [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane, (3-mercaptopropyl)trimethoxysilane 
      (MPTS), and 3-ureidopropyltrimethoxysilane (UPTS). The NBR composites were 
      prepared in an internal laboratory mixer, with increasing concentrations of pure 
      or modified CNF. The crosslink density and flammability of the NBR-filled 
      composites were analyzed, as well as their rheological and mechanical properties. 
      The electrical conductivity of the composites was measured to assess the 
      formation of CNF networks in the elastomer matrix. The morphology of the CNF was 
      assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both the dispersion of the CNF in 
      the NBR matrix and the polymer-filler interactions were improved following silane 
      modification, as shown in SEM images and by the Payne Effect. The composites were 
      also found to have enhanced moduli, tensile strength, hardness, damping, and 
      electrical conductivity. Chemical treatment proved to be more effective at 
      improving the reinforcing effect of CNF in the elastomer matrix than in-situ 
      silanization. The results of this study demonstrate the great potential of both 
      in-situ and chemical silanization for the preparation of reinforced polymer 
      composites filled with CNF.
FAU - Szadkowski, Boleslaw
AU  - Szadkowski B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-0257-8776
AD  - Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of 
      Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Marzec, Anna
AU  - Marzec A
AD  - Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of 
      Technology, Stefanowskiego 12/16, 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
FAU - Rybinski, Przemyslaw
AU  - Rybinski P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5131-0699
AD  - Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Zeromskiego 5, 25-369 Kielce, 
      Poland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200807
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Materials (Basel)
JT  - Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101555929
PMC - PMC7475892
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - NBR composites
OT  - carbon nanofibers
OT  - reinforcement
OT  - silane coupling agents
OT  - silanization
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2020/08/14 06:01
PMCR- 2020/08/07
CRDT- 2020/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2020/07/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/03 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/07 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ma13163481 [pii]
AID - materials-13-03481 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ma13163481 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Materials (Basel). 2020 Aug 7;13(16):3481. doi: 10.3390/ma13163481.