PMID- 32785124
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210308
LR  - 20210502
IS  - 1422-0067 (Electronic)
IS  - 1422-0067 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 16
DP  - 2020 Aug 10
TI  - The Precious Few Grams of Glucose During Exercise.
LID - 10.3390/ijms21165733 [doi]
LID - 5733
AB  - As exercise intensity exceeds 65% of maximal oxygen uptake carbohydrate energy 
      sources predominate. However, relative to the meager 4-5 g blood glucose pool 
      size in a postabsorptive individual (0.9-1.0 g.L(-1) x 5 L blood = 18-20 kcal), 
      carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation rates of 20 kcal.min(-1) can be sustained in a 
      healthy and fit person for one hour, if not longer, all the while euglycemia is 
      maintained. While glucose rate of appearance (i.e., production, Ra) from 
      splanchnic sources in a postabsorptive person can rise 2-3 fold during exercise, 
      working muscle and adipose tissue glucose uptake must be restricted while other 
      energy substrates such as glycogen, lactate, and fatty acids are mobilized and 
      utilized. If not for the use of alternative energy substrates hypoglycemia would 
      occur in less than a minute during hard exercise because blood glucose disposal 
      rate (Rd) could easily exceed glucose production (Ra) from hepatic glycogenolysis 
      and gluconeogenesis. The goal of this paper is to present and discuss the 
      integration of physiological, neuroendocrine, circulatory, and biochemical 
      mechanisms necessary for maintenance of euglycemia during sustained hard physical 
      exercise.
FAU - Brooks, George A
AU  - Brooks GA
AD  - Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, 5101 VLSB, 
      Berkeley, CA 94720-3140, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AG059715/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - 3-02-Brooks-17/Pac-12 Athletic Conference/
GR  - 001/UC Berkeley Center for Research and Education on Aging (CREA)/
GR  - R01 AG059715-01/NH/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20200810
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Mol Sci
JT  - International journal of molecular sciences
JID - 101092791
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
RN  - 0 (Insulin)
RN  - 33X04XA5AT (Lactic Acid)
RN  - 9005-79-2 (Glycogen)
RN  - 9007-92-5 (Glucagon)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - *Endurance Training
MH  - Female
MH  - Glucagon/blood
MH  - Gluconeogenesis/physiology
MH  - Glycogen/metabolism
MH  - Homeostasis/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Insulin/blood
MH  - Lactic Acid/metabolism
MH  - Male
MH  - Muscles/metabolism
MH  - Oxygen Consumption/physiology
MH  - Physical Exertion/physiology
PMC - PMC7461129
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - euglycemia
OT  - exercise
OT  - glucose
OT  - homeostasis
OT  - lactate
OT  - metabolism
COIS- The author declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2020/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/09 06:00
PMCR- 2020/08/01
CRDT- 2020/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2020/07/07 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/07/31 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/07/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/09 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijms21165733 [pii]
AID - ijms-21-05733 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijms21165733 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Aug 10;21(16):5733. doi: 10.3390/ijms21165733.