PMID- 32791072
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210119
LR  - 20210119
IS  - 1879-1611 (Electronic)
IS  - 0022-1910 (Linking)
VI  - 126
DP  - 2020 Oct
TI  - Innate immune system function following systemic RNA-interference of the 
      Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 gene in the cricket Acheta domesticus.
PG  - 104097
LID - S0022-1910(20)30241-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104097 [doi]
AB  - Fragile X syndrome (FXS), caused by a mutation in the Fragile X Mental 
      Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene, is a common form of inherited mental retardation. 
      Mutation of the gene leads to a loss of the gene product Fragile X Mental 
      Retardation Protein (FMRP). While a loss of FMRP has been primarily associated 
      with neural and cognitive deficits, it has also been reported to lead to immune 
      system dysfunction in both humans and flies. We used the Acheta domesticus 
      transcriptome to identify a highly conserved cricket ortholog of FMR1 (adfmr1). 
      We cloned a partial cDNA of adfmr1, used systemic RNA interference (RNAi) to 
      knockdown adfmr1 expression, and examined the impact of this knockdown (KD) on 
      the cellular and humoral responses of the insect innate immune system. Following 
      RNAi, both male and female crickets exhibited an increase in the number of 
      circulating hemocytes, a decrease in total hemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) activity, 
      and an increase in fat body lysozyme expression. Despite similar changes in these 
      immune parameters in both sexes, male and female crickets responded differently 
      to an immune challenge. Most KD males failed to survive an intra-abdominal 
      injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, while KD females were just as likely 
      as control females to survive this challenge. Our results support that decreased 
      fmr1 expression can alter the cellular and humoral defenses of the insect innate 
      immune system, and may lead to a decrease in male, but not female, 
      immunocompetence.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Sorrell, Mollie R
AU  - Sorrell MR
AD  - Department of Biology, Miami University, 258 Pearson Hall, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; 
      Department of Biology, Defiance College, Defiance, OH 43512, USA.
FAU - Killian, Kathleen A
AU  - Killian KA
AD  - Department of Biology, Miami University, 258 Pearson Hall, Oxford, OH 45056, USA. 
      Electronic address: killiaka@miamioh.edu.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200811
PL  - England
TA  - J Insect Physiol
JT  - Journal of insect physiology
JID - 2985080R
RN  - 0 (Anti-Infective Agents)
RN  - 139135-51-6 (Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein)
RN  - EC 1.14.18.1 (Monophenol Monooxygenase)
RN  - EC 3.2.1.17 (Muramidase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Infective Agents/metabolism
MH  - Fat Body/metabolism
MH  - Female
MH  - *Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Genes, Insect
MH  - *Gryllidae/genetics/immunology
MH  - Hemocytes/metabolism
MH  - Hemolymph/cytology/metabolism
MH  - *Immune System/metabolism
MH  - Immunity, Innate
MH  - Male
MH  - Monophenol Monooxygenase/metabolism
MH  - Muramidase/metabolism
MH  - RNA Interference
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Acheta domesticus
OT  - Fragile X Mental Retardation 1
OT  - Innate immunity
OT  - Lysozyme
OT  - Phenoloxidase
OT  - RNAi
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2020/08/14 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/20 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/14 06:00
PHST- 2019/12/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/06/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/20 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/14 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0022-1910(20)30241-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104097 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Insect Physiol. 2020 Oct;126:104097. doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2020.104097. Epub 
      2020 Aug 11.