PMID- 32807460 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20201102 LR - 20201102 IS - 1532-8511 (Electronic) IS - 1052-3057 (Linking) VI - 29 IP - 9 DP - 2020 Sep TI - Changes in the cerebrospinal fluid lipid profile following subarachnoid hemorrhage in a closed cranium model: Correlations to cerebral vasospasm, neuronal cell death and Interleukin-6 synthesis. A pilot study. PG - 105054 LID - S1052-3057(20)30472-9 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105054 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Phospholipids and sphingolipids are cell membrane components, that participate in signaling events and regulate a wide variety of vital cellular processes. Sphingolipids are involved in ischemic stroke pathophysiology. Throughout cleavage of membrane sphingomyelin by sphingomyelinase in stroke patients, it results in increased Ceramide (Cer) levels in brain tissue. Different studies showed the evidence that sphingomyelinase with Cer production induces expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and have vasoconstrictive proprieties. With this study, we intend to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lipid profile changes in a rabbit closed cranium subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) model. METHODS: A total of 14 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated either to SAH or sham group. In the first group SAH was induced by extracranial-intracranial shunting from the subclavian artery into the cisterna magna. Intracranial pressure (ICP) and arterial blood pressure were continuously monitored. Digital subtraction angiography of the basilar artery, CSF and blood samples were performed at day 0 pre SAH and on day 3 post SAH. The amount of IL-6 and various lipids in CSF were quantified using ELISA and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry respectively. Cell death was detected in bilateral basal cortex, hippocampus (CA1 and CA3) using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS: SAH Induction led to acute increase of ICP and increased delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCVS). At follow up CSF IL-6 levels showed a significant increase compared to baseline. Between baseline and follow up there were no significant differences in any of the measured CSF Lipids irrespective of subgroups. No relevant correlation was found between IL-6 and any of the sphingolipids. We found a correlation between baseline and follow up for the phospholipids phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. CONCLUSIONS: Neuronal apoptosis, DCVS and IL-6 seems not to be related to changes in CSF lipid profiles except for PEA and PC in a rabbit closed cranium SAH model. CI - Copyright (c) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. FAU - Croci, Davide AU - Croci D AD - Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Regional Hospital Lugano, Switzerland. Electronic address: neurosurgery@ksa.ch. FAU - Nevzati, Edin AU - Nevzati E AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland; Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland; Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Luzern, Lucerne, Switzerland. Electronic address: Edin.nevzati@gmail.com. FAU - Muroi, Carl AU - Muroi C AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland. FAU - Schopf, Salome AU - Schopf S AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland. Electronic address: arztnc@leopoldina.de. FAU - Hornemann, Thorsten AU - Hornemann T AD - Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University and University Hospital Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: thorsten.hornemann@usz.ch. FAU - Widmer, Hans-Rudolf AU - Widmer HR AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: hansrudolf.widmer@insel.ch. FAU - Danura, Hiroki AU - Danura H AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland; Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: hirokidanura@gmail.com. FAU - Fandino, Javier AU - Fandino J AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland; Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: Javier.fandino@ksa.ch. FAU - Marbacher, Serge AU - Marbacher S AD - Department of Neurosurgery, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland; Cerebrovascular Research Group, Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: serge.marbacher@ksa.ch. LA - eng PT - Journal Article DEP - 20200623 PL - United States TA - J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis JT - Journal of stroke and cerebrovascular diseases : the official journal of National Stroke Association JID - 9111633 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Interleukin-6) RN - 0 (Lipids) RN - 0 (Phosphatidylcholines) RN - 0 (Phosphatidylethanolamines) RN - 39382-08-6 (phosphatidylethanolamine) SB - IM MH - Animals MH - Apoptosis MH - Basilar Artery/diagnostic imaging/*physiopathology MH - Biomarkers/cerebrospinal fluid MH - Disease Models, Animal MH - Interleukin-6/biosynthesis/*cerebrospinal fluid MH - Intracranial Pressure MH - Lipids/*cerebrospinal fluid MH - Neurons/*metabolism/pathology MH - Phosphatidylcholines/cerebrospinal fluid MH - Phosphatidylethanolamines/cerebrospinal fluid MH - Pilot Projects MH - Rabbits MH - Subarachnoid Hemorrhage/*cerebrospinal fluid/diagnostic imaging/pathology/physiopathology MH - *Vasoconstriction MH - Vasospasm, Intracranial/*cerebrospinal fluid/diagnostic imaging/pathology/physiopathology OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain injury OT - Delayed cerebral vasospasm OT - Interleukin-6 OT - Sphingolipids OT - Subarachnoid hemorrhage COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The current project has been financially supported by a grant from the Research Fund of the Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland. The project has been awarded and funded by the Synthes Research Award of the Swiss Neurosurgical Society. The authors have no financial or other conflict of interest to declare. EDAT- 2020/08/19 06:00 MHDA- 2020/11/03 06:00 CRDT- 2020/08/19 06:00 PHST- 2020/04/08 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/06/03 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/06/10 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2020/08/19 06:00 [entrez] PHST- 2020/08/19 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2020/11/03 06:00 [medline] AID - S1052-3057(20)30472-9 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105054 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Sep;29(9):105054. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105054. Epub 2020 Jun 23.