PMID- 32811735
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20201210
LR  - 20221207
IS  - 1590-3729 (Electronic)
IS  - 0939-4753 (Linking)
VI  - 30
IP  - 11
DP  - 2020 Oct 30
TI  - The association of PAI-1 with 24 h blood pressure in young healthy adults is 
      influenced by smoking and alcohol use: The African-PREDICT study.
PG  - 2063-2071
LID - S0939-4753(20)30275-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.003 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The association between plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 
      (PAI-1) and blood pressure is well established, but it is debatable whether 
      raised PAI-1 levels precede or result from raised blood pressure. Furthermore, it 
      is unclear whether this association already exists in the absence of overt 
      hypertension and to what degree it is influenced by health behaviours. Our aim 
      was to investigate the association of 24 h blood pressure with PAI-1 activity 
      (PAI-1(act)) in a young, healthy cohort, and to assess the influence of alcohol 
      consumption and smoking on these associations. METHODS AND RESULTS: Healthy black 
      and white men and women (aged 20-30 years, n = 1156) were cross-sectionally 
      analysed. Statistical analysis was performed first split by ethnicity and sex and 
      then by alcohol consumption and smoking. Regression analyses adjusted for age 
      revealed positive associations of 24 h blood pressure with PAI-1(act) in most 
      groups (p < 0.05). In multivariate-adjusted analyses, significance was lost in 
      all groups except black men, who also had higher monocyte chemoattractant 
      protein-1 (MCP-1) and von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF(ag)) compared to white 
      men (both p < 0.001). Analyses in black men, split by self-reported alcohol use 
      and smoking, revealed 24 h blood pressure-PAI-1(act) associations only in alcohol 
      users (24 h SBP [B = 4.22, p < 0.001], DBP [B = 2.04, p = 0.015] and PP 
      [B = 2.18, p = 0.013]) and smokers (24 h SBP [B = 6.10, p < 0.001] and PP 
      [B = 4.33, p = 0.001]). CONCLUSION: Our findings support a positive association 
      between 24 h blood pressure and PAI-1, particularly in individuals with higher 
      MCP-1 and vWF(ag) levels. Furthermore, smoking and alcohol consumption play an 
      important role in modifying the association between blood pressure and PAI-1.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2020 The Italian Diabetes Society, the Italian Society for the Study 
      of Atherosclerosis, the Italian Society of Human Nutrition and the Department of 
      Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University. Published by Elsevier B.V. 
      All rights reserved.
FAU - Jacobs, Adriaan
AU  - Jacobs A
AD  - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, 
      South Africa; Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), Medical Research 
      Council Unit for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, 
      Potchefstroom, South Africa. Electronic address: adriaan.jacobs@nwu.ac.za.
FAU - Pieters, Marlien
AU  - Pieters M
AD  - Centre of Excellence for Nutrition (CEN), North-West University, Potchefstroom, 
      South Africa. Electronic address: marlien.pieters@nwu.ac.za.
FAU - Schutte, Aletta E
AU  - Schutte AE
AD  - Hypertension in Africa Research Team (HART), Medical Research Council Unit for 
      Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 
      South Africa; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New 
      South Wales, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia. 
      Electronic address: a.schutte@unsw.edu.au.
LA  - eng
GR  - MC_PC_16095/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20200706
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
JT  - Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD
JID - 9111474
RN  - 0 (Biomarkers)
RN  - 0 (CCL2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Chemokine CCL2)
RN  - 0 (Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1)
RN  - 0 (SERPINE1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (von Willebrand Factor)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Age Factors
MH  - Alcohol Drinking/*adverse effects/blood/ethnology/physiopathology
MH  - Biomarkers/blood
MH  - *Black People
MH  - *Blood Pressure
MH  - Chemokine CCL2/blood
MH  - Circadian Rhythm
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Female
MH  - Heart Disease Risk Factors
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/*blood
MH  - Prospective Studies
MH  - Race Factors
MH  - Sex Factors
MH  - Smoking/*adverse effects/blood/ethnology/physiopathology
MH  - South Africa/epidemiology
MH  - *Time Factors
MH  - *White People
MH  - Young Adult
MH  - von Willebrand Factor/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Ambulatory blood pressure
OT  - Drinking
OT  - Endothelial dysfunction
OT  - Healthy
OT  - Tobacco
OT  - Young adults
COIS- Declaration of Competing Interest The authors have no conflict of interest to 
      declare.
EDAT- 2020/08/20 06:00
MHDA- 2020/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2020/08/20 06:00
PHST- 2019/11/25 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/06/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/07/01 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/08/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2020/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2020/08/20 06:00 [entrez]
AID - S0939-4753(20)30275-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.003 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2020 Oct 30;30(11):2063-2071. doi: 
      10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Jul 6.